World Journal of Dentistry

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2016 | April-June | Volume 7 | Issue 2

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Antiangiogenic Therapy in Oral Cancer: A Thoughtful Consideration

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:51 - 53]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1363  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Patil S. Antiangiogenic Therapy in Oral Cancer: A Thoughtful Consideration. World J Dent 2016;7(2):51-53.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Shreetha Bhandary, Raghu Srinivasan, Teena Dsouza

An in vitro Comparative Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Different Mixing Reagents

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:54 - 58]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1364  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) exhibits several properties of an ideal root-end filling. It, however, has certain disadvantages such as long setting time, difficult handling characteristics, and limited antimicrobial activity. In order to improve its properties, several commonly used reagents have been used instead of sterile water. Hence the objective of this study was to evaluate the root-end sealing ability of white MTA combined with either distilled water, 0.12% chlorhexidine solution, 10% doxycycline solution, 3% sodium hypochlorite solution, or 10% calcium chloride solution using a bacterial leakage test.

Materials and methods

Seventy-two extracted, decoronated human maxillary incisor teeth were used. After cleaning and shaping of the canals, root-end resection was performed at 90°. Root-end cavities were filled with ProRoot MTA combined with the test reagents. Microleakage was assessed using a bacterial leakage test for a period of 60 days. Results were analyzed using the log rank test. The level of significance was 0.05.

Results

There was a significant increase in the sealing ability when MTA was mixed with calcium chloride, sodium hypochlorite, or doxycycline when compared with distilled water or chlorhexidine. Also, MTA combined with calcium chloride demonstrated a higher probability of surviving 60 days.

Conclusion

The sealing ability of MTA was improved when combined with calcium chloride, sodium hypochlorite, and doxycycline.

How to cite this article

Dsouza T, Bhandary S, Srinivasan R. An in vitro Comparative Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Different Mixing Reagents. World J Dent 2016;7(2):54-58.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Abdullah A Al Nazeh

Relationship between Perception of Maxillary Midline Diastema and Personality Profiles

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:59 - 63]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1365  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality profiles and perception of maxillary midline diastema (MMD) among laypeople.

Materials and methods

Hundred total of 200 laypeople (100 females and 100 males, mean age = 28.8 ± 5.5 years) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. They were asked to rate the attractiveness of two digital photographs of ideal smile with 1 and 2 mm MMD on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. Participants' personality and psychological profiles were assessed via neuroticism.extraversion.openness five-factor inventory. The statistically significant levels were set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results

The mean VAS scores were 5.7 (± 2.1) and 4.3 (± 2.0) for 1 and 2 mm MMD respectively. The participants rated the attractiveness of 1 mm diastema better than the attractiveness of 2 mm diastema (p < 0.001). Females showed no difference in rating diastema attractiveness in comparison with males (p > 0.05). Participants (from both genders) with higher neuroticism scores rated 1 and 2 mm diastemas as less attractive than those with lower neuroticism scores (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion

Psychological profiles (high neuroticism) might be associated with negative perceptions of attractiveness of MMD.

How to cite this article

Al Nazeh AA. Relationship between Perception of Maxillary Midline Diastema and Personality Profiles. World J Dent 2016;7(2):59-63.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

M Manjunath, TA Deepak, Sowmya Krishna, Geetika Sobti, AG Annaji

Oral Lichen Planus in Relation to Transaminase Levels and Hepatitis C Viral Antibodies Detection: A Clinical Study

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:64 - 68]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1366  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Lichen planus (LP) is a common long term inflammatory disorder that affects skin and mucous membranes. Though mostly asymptomatic in oral mucosa it may cause severe morbidity in erosive cases. The relation between LP and liver diseases especially hepatitis C have been proposed by many authors with varied results. Alteration in liver function tests reflected by increased levels of transaminase levels, i.e., serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) with or without the presence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been observed in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients in many studies. So this study was undertaken with the intent to further evaluate any alliance between OLP and liver disease principally hepatitis C.

Materials and methods

The study consisted of 30 histopathologically confirmed patients of OLP and 30 age and sex matched healthy volunteers visiting the outpatient department of a dental hospital over a period of 1 year. All subjects in both groups were subjected to SGOT, SGPT and HCV antibodies detection.

Results

The percentage of patients with elevated SGOT and SGPT values was higher among the OLP patients in the study group (40%) in comparison to subjects in the control group (7%). The mean values of SGOT and SGPT were also higher in the study group in comparison to the control group. No HCV antibodies were found in the serum of subjects in both the study group and control group.

Conclusion

Liver disease or hepatitis C can be considered a risk factor for LP and may lead to diagnosis, early treatment and possibly a better prognosis in asymptomatic OLP patients. Further studies with large samples are recommended to prove the current hypothesis regarding the association between LP and chronic liver disease and/or HCV infection.

How to cite this article

Sobti G, Manjunath M, Deepak TA, Krishna S, Annaji AG. Oral Lichen Planus in Relation to Transaminase Levels and Hepatitis C Viral Antibodies Detection: A Clinical Study. World J Dent 2016;7(2):64-68.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mohammed Almuhaiza

Clinical Evaluation of Silorane-based Resin Composites in the Posterior Teeth: An 18 Months Follow-up Study

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:69 - 72]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1367  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Almuhaiza M. Clinical Evaluation of Silorane-based Resin Composites in the Posterior Teeth: An 18 Months Follow-up Study. World J Dent 2016;7(2):69-72.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Deoashish D Gupta, Priyanka Niranjane, Narendra Sharma, Rakesh Nathani

Comparison of Association between Cervical Spine and Face in Subjects with Vertical and Horizontal Growth Pattern: An in vitro Study using Lateral Cephalogram

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:73 - 77]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1368  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze and comparethe association between cervical spine and face in subjects with vertical and horizontal growth pattern using lateral cephalogram.

Materials and methods

Lateral cephalograms of 75 subjects between ages of 18 and 35 years were taken and analyzed. The study sample was divided into three groups of 25 individuals each; i.e., vertical growth pattern (gonial angle > 125°); horizontal growth pattern (gonial angle < 121°); and control group with average growth pattern (gonial angle 123° ± 2.5°). The relation between upper cervical vertebrae and face was compared between three groups by taking linear measurements.

Results

A statistically significant difference was observed in vertical dimensions of second cervical vertebra when it was correlated with anterior cranial base, maxilla and mandible in adults having horizontal and vertical growth pattern as compared to individuals with average growth pattern. Linear vertical measurements between maxilla to cervical spine and mandible to cervical spine were less in horizontal growth pattern as compared to vertical and average growth pattern. The p-value of SCV2—0.001, GoCV2—0.405, and PmCV2—0.001 showed significant results within intergroups.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that there exists an association between the morphology of the cervical vertebrae and the vertical and horizontal skeletal growth patterns.

How to cite this article

Gupta DD, Niranjane P, Sharma N, Shrivastav S, Kamble RH, Nathani R. Comparison of Association between Cervical Spine and Face in Subjects with Vertical and Horizontal Growth Pattern: An in vitro Study using Lateral Cephalogram. World J Dent 2016;7(2):73-77.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sanjyot Mulay, Gaurav Kadam, Hansa Jain

Accuracy of Various Diagnostic Aids in Detection of MB2 Canal in Maxillary First Molar: In vivo Study

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:78 - 82]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1369  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate and compare the accuracy of radiographic, visual, dye and magnification method in detection of second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal in maxillary first molar.

Materials and methods

One hundred males and females patients in age group of 20 to 45 years with maxillary first molar teeth indicated for root canal treatment were selected for the study. The presence of MB2 canal in maxillary first molar was observed by four independent observers using radiographic, visual, dye, magnification diagnostic aids.

Results

The study showed that there was a large difference in detecting MB2 canal in maxillary first molar when radiographic was compared with visual method and magnification method (i.e., p < 0.01). Whereas there was a nonsignificant difference when radiographic and dye method were compared (i.e., p > 0.05).

Conclusion

It was concluded that the incidence of MB2 canal in mesiobuccal roots of permanent maxillary first molars was detected most using magnification method, i.e., 87%. Accuracy of radiographic method was found to be least, i.e., 19%.

How to cite this article

Mulay S, Kadam G, Jain H. Accuracy of Various Diagnostic Aids in Detection of MB2 Canal in Maxillary First Molar: In vivo Study. World J Dent 2016;7(2):78-82.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ritika Jindal, Nandita Shenoy, J Udayalakshmi, Srikala Baliga

Correlation between Xerostomia, Hyposalivation, and Oral Microbial Load with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:83 - 86]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1370  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims and objectives

The present study is an attempt to investigate prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus using a modified Schirmer test (MST) and finding any association between xerostomia, hyposalivation, and oral microflora, namely, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp., and Candida spp. with the glycemic control of individual.

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and resulting in either lack or relative insufficiency of insulin. In addition to systemic alterations, oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus have been reported, such as xerostomia and hyposalivation, alteration in taste, caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease.

Materials and methods

Thirty individuals with known history of diabetes mellitus type 2 were chosen as cases and 30 ageand sex-matched healthy controls were taken as control group. For assessment of hyposalivation, unstimulated salivary flow rate was measured using a MST with a commercially available Schirmer test strip having a millimeter scale (0—35 mm).

Results

In our study, we found that the difference in the wettability of Schirmer strip among diabetics and healthy controls was more significant at the end of the 1st minute due to decreased salivary flow in diabetics.

Conclusion

A n e arly a ssessment o f s alivary f low a nd xerostomia in type 2 diabetic patients and its treatment, along with routine oral hygiene and maintenance, may alter the clinical outcomes of diabetes.

How to cite this article

Ahmed J, Jindal R, Shenoy N, Denny C, Udayalakshmi J, Baliga S. Correlation between Xerostomia, Hyposalivation, and Oral Microbial Load with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. World J Dent 2016;7(2):83-86.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Barnali Majumdar

Tissue Preservation with Natural Fixatives: An Immunohistochemical Evaluation

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:87 - 91]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1371  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

The search for formalin substitute has been enduring from the time it was proven as a carcinogen. The natural sweetener, jaggery, as a tissue fixative has already been established and its compatibility with special stains demonstrated in our previous study. Hence, in the present study, the efficacy of jaggery, along with honey, was further evaluated using immunohistochemical procedures.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study with 30 samples of commercially available fresh goat oral mucosa, fixed with 10% buffered formalin (positive control), 20% honey, and 30% jaggery solution was conducted. After 24 hours of fixation, tissue sections were subjected to immunohistochemical stains pan-cytokeratin and desmin. Following which blinded evaluation was done by two examiners. Statistical analysis was accomplished using Kruskal—Wallis analysis of variance, Mann—Whitney U test, chi-square test, and Kappa statistics.

Results

The pan-cytokeratin staining intensity of jaggeryfixed tissues (2.67 ± 0.488) was observed to be more intense than honey (1.60 ± 0.507, p < 0.001) and formalin (2.13 ± 0.352, p = 0.003)-fixed tissues. Jaggery (2.33 ± 0.617) and formalin (2.40 ± 0.632) showed comparable results with respect to desmin.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, the fixative properties of jaggery surpassed honey and was found to be on par with formalin.

How to cite this article

Majumdar B, Rao RS, Patil S. Tissue Preservation with Natural Fixatives: An Immunohistochemical Evaluation. World J Dent 2016;7(2):87-91.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Roopa P Shahapur, Praveen R Shahapur

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Pediatricians toward Oral Health of Asthma Patients

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:92 - 94]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1372  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Asthma is a multifactorial disease affecting the airways. Though it is a benign disorder, the treatment with medications such as bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and anticholinergic drugs may cause adverse effects on oral health.

Materials and methods

A questionnaire consisting of 16 closed-ended questions were mailed to pediatricians of Bijapur and Belgaum district. Of a total of 316, 96 duly filled questionnaires were collected.

Results

About 30 to 50% of the doctors were aware of the ill effects of medication and disease on the oral cavity. About 30% of the doctors advised preventive measures to their patients.

Conclusion

A multidisciplinary approach for treatment of the affected children is the key to improved health care delivery and better quality of life among these patients.

How to cite this article

Shahapur RP, Shahapur PR. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Pediatricians toward Oral Health of Asthma Patients. World J Dent 2016;7(2):92-94.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Almas Binnal, TS Bastian

Oral Lesions in HIV/AIDS Patients on a highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:95 - 99]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1373  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Oral lesions have been reported to be the initial signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection. The main objective of the present study was to observe the prevalence of oral lesions among HIV/AIDS patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) attending the antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India.

Materials and methods

One hundred and eight HIV/AIDS positive patients were evaluated by a single examiner. Patients’ oral cavity was examined and the various oral manifestations detected were recorded.

Results

The most common extraoral manifestation was lipoatrophy, and intraorally, the most prevalent findings were intraoral pigmentation (42.6%) and candidiasis (27.8%). However, the prevalence of the most commonly associated lesions like Kaposi's sarcoma (1.9%) and linear gingival erythema (2.7%) was less.

Conclusion

Oral lesions are considered to be markers of progression of HIV into the final stage of AIDS. Advent of HAART has shown a significant reduction in the oral lesions and a better quality of life in patients with HIV.

How to cite this article

Denny CE, Ramapuram J, Bastian TS, Ongole R, Binnal A, Natarajan S, Ahmed J. Oral Lesions in HIV/AIDS Patients on a highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. Word J Dent 2016;7(2):95-99.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Amruta R Chougule, M Kundabala, Rayapudi P Mohan, Neeta Shetty

Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Resolution to Paradoxical Judgments in Endodontic Diagnosis

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:100 - 106]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1374  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Chougule AR, Kundabala M, Mohan RP, Shetty N. Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Resolution to Paradoxical Judgments in Endodontic Diagnosis. World J Dent 2016;7(2):100-106.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Vini Rajeev, Rajeev Arunachalam, Sivadas Ganapathy, Vaishanavi Vedam

The Esthetic Salutation and Functional Acceptance of Maxillary Superimposed Prosthesis

[Year:2016] [Month:April-June] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:107 - 110]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1375  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Rajeev V, Arunachalam R, Ganapathy S, Vedam V. The Esthetic Salutation and Functional Acceptance of Maxillary Superimposed Prosthesis. World J Dent 2016;7(2): 107-110.

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