World Journal of Dentistry

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2021 | July-August | Volume 12 | Issue 4

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EDITORIAL

Namrata Sengupta, Gargi S Sarode

Therapeutic Benefits of Caffeine in Oral Submucous Fibrosis

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:2] [Pages No:263 - 264]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1835  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

1,130

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Indu Mathur, Sethuraman Shruthi, Kavya Gandrakota, Krishnavilasom Jayakumari Nisha

Comparative Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Green Coffee and Green Tea Extract against Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:6] [Pages No:265 - 270]

Keywords: Antifungal agents, Candida albicans, Chronic periodontitis, Coffee, Tea

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1839  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: To compare the antifungal efficacy of green tea and green coffee extracts against Candida albicans. Materials and methods: Green tea and green coffee were obtained from the authorized dealers. The extracts were prepared and antifungal efficacy of the extract was carried out on C. albicans MTCC 227 using zone of inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) methods. Results: The study comprises two groups, green tea extract and green coffee extract. The zone of inhibition was done for both the groups at 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/mL. Green coffee showed a higher zone of inhibition at all the concentrations gradually from 50 C as compared to green tea. Green coffee showed a 50% reduction of C. albicans at 160 mg/mL and a 90% reduction at 200 mg/mL. On the other hand, green tea showed a 50% reduction at 200 mg/mL. Conclusion: In the present study, green coffee was shown to have lower inhibitory concentration and higher zone of inhibition when compared to green tea suggesting that the antifungal efficacy of green coffee was better than green tea. Clinical significance: Recently, many studies have shown the prominent role of Candida species especially C. albicans in the pathology of periodontal disease. Till now, there have been no studies that have included antifungal agents as adjuncts to periodontal therapy targeting C. albicans. Moreover, commercially available antifungal drugs come with many side effects. Green coffee and green tea being natural agents with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer potential can definitely prove to be a viable option to the general population. Hence, opening the venue to formulate drugs in the form of mouthwashes, gels, and local drug delivery agents which can be used as adjuncts to periodontal therapy.

1,765

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Cabov Tomislav, Legovic Asja, Cabov Ercegovic Lucija, Zulijani Ana

Role of Panoramic Radiography in the Identification of Dental Anomalies and Disturbed Development of the Dentition

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:271 - 277]

Keywords: Children, Dental anomalies, Developmental disorder, Panoramic radiograph, Prevalence

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1836  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and impaired dentition development by analyzing panoramic radiographs. Materials and methods: The study included 1,317 orthopantomograms of children treated in an orthodontic practice. Regarding the development of the dentition, they were divided into five stages: (1) Eruption of the first permanent molars. (2) Replacement of the incisors. (3) Completed replacement of the incisors. (4) Replacement in the supporting zones. (5) Completed replacement of the teeth of the supporting zones. Results: Dental anomalies were found in 9.5% of the subjects. In the first stage, M1 was found to resorb the crown of m2 in 7.1% of cases during the eruption. In the second stage, I1 resorbed the adjacent deciduous tooth during the eruption in 17.5% of the cases. In the third stage, impaired development of incisors was observed in 28.9% of cases in the maxilla and in 27.9% in the mandible. In the fourth stage, ectopic position and premature eruption of the germ in segments C-P2 were noted in 20.8% of teeth in the maxilla and 9.7% in the mandible. Late mineralization of P2 and ankylosis of m2 was noted in 3.4% of cases in the maxilla and 6.5% in the mandible. In the fifth stage, 11.9% of M3 germs were ectopically positioned in the maxilla and 29.5% in the mandible, 5.9% of M3 germs were absent in the maxilla, and 6.7% in the mandible. Conclusion: Our study showed a similar incidence of various dental anomalies and disturbed dentition development as reported in the literature. The results of this study confirm that the analysis of orthopantomogram is an important and useful element in the diagnosis and treatment plans for a malocclusion. Clinical significance: Orthopantomogram analysis can be used as a useful element in the diagnosis and treatment plans for a malocclusion.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Kumar Nilesh

Pain Control and Quality of Life after Peripheral Neurectomy in Patients with Refractory Trigeminal Neuralgia

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:278 - 284]

Keywords: Carbamazepine, Conservative management, Peripheral neurectomy, Trigeminal neuralgia

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1841  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of peripheral neurectomy (PN) in the management of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) not responsive to medical management. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with refractory TN not fit for major surgery or not willing for the neurosurgical intervention were enrolled for the study. The success of the surgery was assessed by pain score in the postoperative period [measured by visual analog scale (VAS)]. Quality of life (QOL) of patients was evaluated using the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) tool consisting of eight domains, measuring both the physical and mental components of wellbeing. The statistical analysis was done by using IBM SPSS® software version 25 (IBM Corp., USA). The mean value and standard deviation for each of the parameters were considered and checked for statistical significance using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The difference was considered significant if p < 0.05. Results: Thirty-five neurectomies were performed in 31 patients. Patients were on carbamazepine therapy for 6–60 months, with an average dose of 812.90 mg/day. Mandibular division was most commonly involved (n = 18; 58%), followed by maxillary (n = 7; 23%), and ophthalmic division (n = 2; 6%). The earliest recurrence of pain was seen at the sixth month in one patient. At the 1st year follow-up, poor and fair control of pain were seen in 3 (10%) and 10 (32%) patients, respectively. At the 3 years, recurrence was seen in 32.25% (n = 10) patients. There was an improvement in QOL score immediately after PN, which despite the decrease on long-term follow-up, was considerably above the preoperative value. Conclusion: Peripheral neurectomy is a simple, minimally invasive option for the management of refractory TN. Although recurrence is a limitation for its long-term success, it does help to achieve pain control and improve QOL.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Mandeep Kaur, Shalini Garg, Abhishek Dhindsa, Rajveer Singh, Sakshi Joshi

Is MTA a Better Pulp Capping Agent than Calcium Hydroxide to Achieve Maturogenesis in Carious, Infected Immature Teeth? A Pilot Study

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:7] [Pages No:285 - 291]

Keywords: Immature teeth, Maturogenesis, Mineral trioxide aggregate, Pulpotomy

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1837  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: To compare mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide as pulp capping agents for the success of coronal pulpotomy of carious, vital immature molars to maintain pulp vitality, and hence allow maturogenesis. Materials and methods: Thirty immature carious pulpally involved vital molars were included for pulpotomy in a randomized clinical trial. The included molars were allotted into two groups according to the type of pulp capping material used: Group I (control group): calcium hydroxide group (15 molars) and group II (study group): MTA (15 molars) by chit method. The children were recalled for clinical evaluations after 1, 3, 6, and 9 and 12 months and radiographic examination was done at 6 and 12 months. Maturogenesis was assessed by Nolla's stages of root formation and quantitative analysis to assess maturogenesis was done three dimensionally (width, length and apical closure) by square grid radiographic method. Results: The mean age of subjects was 9.06 ± 2.4 and 9.16 ± 2.55 years for the calcium hydroxide group and MTA, respectively (p = 0.918). The pulpotomy procedure was significantly successful (p < 0.0005) according to all parameters irrespective of the pulp capping agent used. Though MTA performed better in the amount of quantitatively measured dentino-pulpal complex, maturogenesis than calcium hydroxide but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study concluded that the success of the pulpotomy procedure is not exclusively dependent on the supposed stimulatory effect of a particular type of medicament used but is directly related to the capacity of both dressing and definitive restorative material to provide a biological seal against immediate and long-term microleakage along with the entire restorative interface. Clinical significance: The coronal seal is the most important clinical factor required to achieve pulpotomy goals in immature permanent carious molars.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Mona M Eissa, Mai Akah, Mai M Yousry, Heba Hamza, Hassan Hassanein, Cornelis H Pameijer

Clinical Performance of a Bioactive Restorative Material vs a Glass Hybrid Restorative in Posterior Restorations in High-risk Caries Patients

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:9] [Pages No:292 - 300]

Keywords: ACTIVA bioactive restorative, Bioactive restorative material, EQUIA forte, FDI criteria, Glass hybrid restorative, Glass ionomer, High-risk caries, Posterior restorations, Randomized clinical trial, Split mouth

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1844  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of a bioactive restorative material vs a glass hybrid restorative material in posterior restorations in high caries risk patients. Materials and methods: High-risk caries patients with multiple posterior cavitated caries lesions were enrolled in this split-mouth clinical trial. Fifty randomly selected teeth received either a resin-modified glass ionomer bioactive resin-based composite [ACTIVA™ BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE (Activa)] (n = 25) or a bulk-fill glass hybrid restorative [EQUIA Forte Fil (Equia)] (n = 25). Materials were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. Two well-trained experienced blinded assessors evaluated the restorations at baseline, 6, and 12 months using FDI criteria for direct and indirect restorations. Results: The survival percentages for the intervention and comparator groups were 98% after 6 and 12 months. Regarding the primary outcome, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. While for the secondary outcome, the color match parameter showed a significantly better score for Activa at baseline, 6, and 12 months. With respect to the anatomic form, Activa scored significantly better compared to Equia At 6 and 12 months (p < 0.001). Regarding functional properties, at baseline, no difference between the tested groups was observed for all functional parameters (p > 0.05). Furthermore, at 6 and 12 months, Activa scored significantly better for occlusal contour and wear compared to Equia (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Both ACTIVA™ BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE™ and EQUIA Forte Fil showed similar successful clinical performance while restoring permanent posterior teeth in high-risk caries patients. The use of EQUIA Forte Fil may be more appropriate as a semi-permanent restorative material in stress-bearing restorations. With respect to the esthetics of upper premolars, ACTIVA™ BioACTIVE RESTORATIVE™ exhibited superior esthetics. Clinical significance: ACTIVA™ BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE™ may be used to restore permanent posterior teeth in high-risk caries patients offering enhanced esthetics and wear resistance.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Shwetha Eshwarappa, Chethana K Chidambar, Shrinidhi M Shankar

Detection of Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes in Biofilms of Smokers and Nonsmokers with Chronic Periodontitis: A PCR Study

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:5] [Pages No:301 - 305]

Keywords: Biofilm, Dialister pneumosintes, Filifactor alocis, Polymerase chain reaction, Smokers

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1846  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: Detection of Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes in smokers and nonsmokers with chronic generalized periodontitis. Materials and methods: Out of 60 patients diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis, 30 current smokers and 30 nonsmokers were recruited for the study. Clinical parameters such as gingival bleeding index, plaque index, and probing pocket depth were recorded. Subgingival plaque samples were collected and subjected to a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Collected plaque samples of nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis patients showed a slight increase in numbers of F. alocis and D. pneumosintes species when compared with smokers, although statistically not significant. Conclusion: The distribution of F. alocis and D. pneumosintes which are considered as the masked pathogens of the periodontal disease was not significantly different in nonsmokers and smokers with chronic periodontitis. Clinical significance: These species which were rarely studied can be considered as markers for periodontal disease, as they denote increased periodontal destruction.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Nezar Boreak, Aeshah Hanbashi, Hala Otayf, Hamed Alshawkani, Mohammed Mashyakhy, Hemant Chourasia

Dentist's Attitudes, Practice, and Barriers toward the Use of Rubber Dam during Operative and Endodontic Treatments: An Online Questionnaire Survey

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:5] [Pages No:306 - 310]

Keywords: Dentists, Endodontics, Online survey, Questionnaire, Rubber dam

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1840  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: To assess the attitude, practice, and barriers toward the use of rubber dam during endodontic and operative procedures among dentists in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: An online descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among the dentists practicing in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. A total of 259 dentists participated in this study. Convenience sampling was used due to the limitation in the study duration and COVID-19 pandemic. The data collection were done online using a questionnaire designed at www.Kwiksurveys.com. The association between the independent variables and the responses to the questions was tested using the Chi-square test. Statistical significance was determined at α = 0.05. Results: About 75% of participants mentioned that rubber dam was available in their clinic; however, only 71% had used it for their patients. Regarding the barriers that prevent the usage of rubber dam, 68% cited as financial reasons, 25% mentioned that they are not fully aware of how to use it, while 6% said that rubber dam was not available. A statistically significant association was found between training on rubber dam use, the working sector professional classification and experience, and using rubber dam for patients in the clinic. No statistically significant association was observed between rubber dam use and gender and place of education. Conclusion: The participants had a favorable attitude toward rubber dam use. The training, operator experience, and workplace are favorably associated with rubber dam use. Increased cost, insufficient training, and non-availability of rubber dam were reported as the greatest barriers to regular usage. Clinical significance: Most of the barriers reported for the non-usage of rubber dam are myths that have been propagated over time. The benefits of rubber dam use significantly outweigh the costs incurred.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Shefali Phogat, Reshu M Sanan, Maninder S Sidhu, Madhav Nagpal, Monika M Vigarniya, Nupur Dabas

Evaluation of Maxillary Bone in the Anterior Esthetic Zone for Immediate Implant Placement: An Observational CBCT Study

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:5] [Pages No:311 - 315]

Keywords: Buccal bone, Cone-beam computed tomography, Esthetic zone, Immediate implant, Maxillary anterior

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1851  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: This study provides a guideline for immediate implant placement in the anterior esthetic zone based on the observed bone morphology in the North Indian population. Materials and methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of maxillary anterior teeth of 100 patients (total sample size: 600 teeth) in the North Indian population were analyzed for their relation to the alveolus in the sagittal plane following Kan's classification. Results: Sixty-three percent of the study sample were classified as Kan's Class I sagittal root position (SRP), 10.66% was Class II, and 26.33% was Class IV. Class III SRP was not observed in the study sample. Conclusion: Class I is the most common sagittal root position observed in the North Indian population. This study emphasizes the importance of CBCT for predictable treatment planning in the esthetic zone. Clinical significance: For achieving esthetic results in the maxillary anterior region accurate three-dimensional imaging of hard tissue structure is a prerequisite.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Anubha M Raj, Surekha Rathod

Assessment of DNA Damage of Periodontal Tissues in Premalignant Condition: By Comet Assay

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:6] [Pages No:316 - 321]

Keywords: DNA, Oral submucous fibrosis, Periodontitis, Premalignant lesions

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1850  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: The present study aimed to determine the effect of OSMF on periodontium and DNA damage in affected and healthy subjects. Materials and methods: Sixty patients (20 patients with OSMF and periodontitis, 20 patients having only OSMF, and 20 controls) were examined clinically with regard to probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (GR). Radiovisiographs were obtained for the assessment of alveolar bone level. Comet assay was used for the assessment of DNA damage by evaluating tail length, percentage of DNA in the tail, and olive tail moment. Results: Mean PPD, CAL, and GR of patients having both OSMF and periodontitis were 4.21, 5.75, and 1.6 mm, respectively, which was significantly higher than PPD, CAL, and GR of the other two groups. The mean alveolar bone loss was 5.94, 0.57, and 0.51 mm for groups I, II, and III, respectively. Mean tail DNA percent was 49.77, 44.55, and 11.01 and the olive tail moment was 14.16, 12.12, and 2.50 for groups I, II, and III, respectively. The mean tail parameters for the OSMF population were significantly higher than healthy group. Conclusion: OSMF was found to have an adverse effect on periodontal tissue and the severity of DNA damage was more in patients having OSMF with periodontitis. Clinical significance: Comet assay is a noninvasive, rapid, and inexpensive indicator for the assessment of DNA damage in periodontal tissue of OSMF patients with periodontitis.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Mansi Jain, Chaya Chhabra, Hirekanavangala Parvathappa Suma Sogi, Prinka Shahi, Saru Dhir, Swati Rana

Effect of School-based Oral Health Awareness Lecture on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Oral Health among Primary School Teachers of Barara, Ambala, Haryana

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:6] [Pages No:322 - 327]

Keywords: Oral health knowledge, Oral health attitude, Oral health practices, Primary school teachers

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1842  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: To assess the knowledge and its correlation with their attitude and practices regarding oral hygiene and to evaluate the effect of oral health education on their knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene practices. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted on 80 primary school teachers in Barara, District Ambala, Haryana. A self-administered, pretested close-ended questionnaire comprising 20 questions regarding oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice was assessed before and after the dental awareness lecture. Results: The knowledge of primary school teachers was found to be inappropriate but a statistically highly significant increase in this knowledge with p value <0.001** after the lecture was observed. With an increase in knowledge, the attitude toward dental health changed with a p value 0.022* thus changing their regular dental practices which were when assessed after 15 days, the scores were highly significant with p value <0.001**. Conclusion: Oral health knowledge was lacking among the primary school teachers though there was a considerable increase in knowledge and change in attitude and practices after the awareness lecture. Clinical significance: A significant increase in knowledge and change in attitude and oral hygiene practices was observed after the conveyance of the lecture. Thus, arranging for such awareness lectures could be beneficial for controlling oral diseases.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Sourav Chandra, Pratibha Shashikumar, Swet Nisha

Comparative Evaluation of N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate with Braided Silk Suture after Periodontal Flap Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:5] [Pages No:328 - 332]

Keywords: Cyanoacrylates, Flap surgery, Silk sutures, Tissue adhesives

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1847  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: This clinical study was carried out to compare the efficacy of N-butyl cyanoacrylate with braided silk sutures after a periodontal flap surgery in terms of wound healing, postoperative pain experienced by study subjects, and the time required for completion of flap closure. Materials and methods: Forty patients with moderate to severe generalized periodontitis were divided into two treatment groups. Test group (N-butyl cyanoacrylate) and control group (3-0, braided silk sutures). Wound healing, postoperative pain experienced by study subjects, and the time required for completion of flap closure were assessed. Repeated measure ANOVA was done for intragroup comparison at different time intervals. Independent student t-test was done for intergroup comparison. Results: Wound healing was better in the test group in the early stages and postoperative pain and the time required for the flap closure were significantly less in the cyanoacrylate group. Conclusion: N-Butyl cyanoacrylate is a reliable alternative to conventional sutures as it is easy to apply, shortens the operation time, causes a less inflammatory response, and reduces postoperative pain while facilitating primary closure similar to conventional silk sutures. Clinical significance: N-Butyl cyanoacrylate a newer tissue adhesive is painless, biocompatible, better tissue handling, less time-consuming, and better acceptability by the patient for the closure of flaps than silk sutures.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Moina Adeni Khaja, Nandakumar Arani, Devaki Vijayalakshmi

Are Flowable Restorative Composites Suitable for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding?

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:6] [Pages No:333 - 338]

Keywords: Flowable restorative composites, Orthodontic brackets, Shear bond strength, Transbond XT

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1838  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine if flowable restorative light cure composites can be used effectively for routine orthodontic bracket bonding, thereby reducing 4 in the dental office and preserving the surface enamel. Materials and methods: Ninety extracted human premolars were divided into three equal groups. Pre-adjusted edgewise (PAE) brackets were bonded to prepared enamel surface using conventional orthodontic resin Transbond XT (control), GC-G-ænial, and Anabond Stedman. Debonding was performed with a shearing force using a universal testing machine to test shear bond strength (SBS). The residual adhesive on the enamel surface was evaluated using the adhesive remnant index (ARI). In addition, representative samples from each group were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental composition was quantified with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000) between all three materials with respect to bond strength and ARI. The SBS values of Transbond XT, GC-G-ænial, and Anabond Stedman were found to be 13.10 ± 3.46, 9.8027 ± 2.05, and 6.2720 ± 1.39 MPa, respectively, signifying acceptable bond strength. The greatest frequency for Transbond XT and GC-G-ænial was observed at an ARI score of 1, whereas Anabond Stedman displayed an ARI score of 2. Morphologically different types of images were observed under the SEM. Similar elements with varied concentrations were detected in EDX. An insignificant amount of calcium was detected in all the samples evaluated under EDX indicating preservation of enamel. Conclusion: In this study, Transbond XT was found to be relatively better than GC-G-ænial Universal Flo and Anabond Stedman Flowable composite. The use of flowable restorative light cure composites can be advocated for orthodontic bracket bonding as acceptable SBS values were attained. Clinical significance: The rheological properties and esthetics of the flowable restorative materials make them versatile, economical, and favorable for orthodontic bracket bonding, thereby reducing the in-office armamentarium and the need for an additional orthodontic bonding material.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Anshuman Shetty, Mahalaxmi Yelapure, Mithra Hegde, Darshana Devadiga, Raksha Bhat

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain among Dentists in Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka: A Cross-sectional Study

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:6] [Pages No:339 - 344]

Keywords: Ergonomics, Magnification, Musculoskeletal disorder, Standard Nordic Questionnaire

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1834  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among dentists in Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, India. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) was conducted among dentists during the month of July to August 2019 over a span of 1 month at AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru. This included interns, postgraduates, and private practitioners in Dakshina Kannada. An SNQ (Standard Nordic Questionnaire) about their practice pattern, their general lifestyle including exercise, fitness patterns, the prevalence of MSDs, and their general awareness regarding MSDs was recorded. The responses were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 138 dentists consented to be part of the study; among them, 68 were males and 70 females, with a response rate of 95.17% (138/145). The dentists who participated in the study reported MSDs in the areas with respect to the neck (60%), lower back (60%), upper back (57%), and the intensity of the pain progressing from mild to moderate. Conclusion: A high prevalence of MSD exists among dental experts influencing the everyday practice of more than one-third of dentists. The present study suggests the need to identify these factors predisposing to MSD among the dental practitioners and encourage them to adopt the practices and measures to eliminate the MSD. The adoption of such practices would help the practitioners improve their quality of professional life and work. Clinical significance: The high prevalence of MSD in this study indicates the need for dental practitioners to recognize the factors predisposing to MSD. Dental surgeons need to get more information about the effect of their seating choices in their field of work.

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CASE REPORT

S Nagarajan MP Sockalingam, Ahmad SI Zakaria, Elavarasi Kuppusamy

Management of Dental Esthetics in a Child with Hypodontia Using a Heat Vacuum-pressed Transparent Thermoplastic Polypropylene Template

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:5] [Pages No:345 - 349]

Keywords: Crown form, Dental esthetics, Dental anomalies, Hypodontia, Psychological, Template, Well-being

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1843  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: This case aimed to describe the use of a heat vacuum-pressed transparent thermoplastic polypropylene template to reconstruct dental esthetics in a growing child with hypodontia. Background: Dental esthetics plays an integral part in the general well-being of children. The absence of a few teeth during the growing phases of life, especially during the teenage period, can interfere with the children's quality of life. Congenital absence of teeth is common in our society and often leads to dental problems such as spacing between teeth, malocclusion, and dental esthetics. Case description: This case addressed the dental esthetics concern of a 12-year-old girl with hypodontia of her bilateral maxillary permanent lateral incisors using a vacuum-pressed thermoplastic polypropylene template with composite resin. The template helped to recontour the existing teeth morphology and enabled space closure between teeth. Conclusion: The use of the thermoplastic polypropylene template method is less invasive, inexpensive, produced excellent dental esthetics, and suitable for growing children. Clinical significance: This article highlighted the use of a heat vacuum-pressed transparent thermoplastic polypropylene template that may provide a viable solution to address the dental esthetics of multiple teeth in growing children. Using the template allowed quick recontouring of multiple teeth with composite resin during a single visit. The template also enabled quick polishing of the restorations because the good adaptation of the material to teeth means less trimming of excessive composite resin needed.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Shreepriya Singhania, Raghavendra Shanbhog

Is Silver Diamine Fluoride Really a Magic Alternative in Pediatric Caries Management?

[Year:2021] [Month:July-August] [Volume:12] [Number:4] [Pages:5] [Pages No:350 - 354]

Keywords: Caries management, Dental caries, Pediatric dentistry, Silver diamine fluoride, Silver fluoride bullet

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1845  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: To review the success of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in the management of caries in children. Background: The current concept of caries management is based on a biological approach. When it comes to children with early childhood caries, managing their behavior along with effective and comprehensive caries management is necessary for which an algorithm-based approach is discussed. Silver diamine fluoride acts as a tertiary preventive procedure that reduces the negative consequences of established disease (cavity) and restores, thus improving the child's quality of life. It is a magic bullet that comprises antibacterial actions of silver and remineralizing effects of highly concentrated fluoride. Review results: Previous systematic reviews have reported the success of SDF in arresting caries in primary teeth and root caries in adults. Caries removal is not a prerequisite; therefore, SDF application is suitable when other modalities of caries management are unavailable or impractical. Apart from staining the arrested lesion black, no significant complication of SDF use among children was reported. Conclusion: Even though the black staining was unappealing, a significant number of parents chose SDF over advanced pharmacological behavior management techniques and it is really the magic alternative in children as it supports the contemporary “biological approach” for caries management. Clinical significance: In such times of the COVID-19 pandemic, SDF allows the interruption of aerosol-generating procedures and serves as interim treatment procedure to arrest dentin caries to prevent development of pulpitis which further requires intervention using aerotor. Most of all, SDF application is child-friendly and provides exceptional success rates when used where indicated.

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