World Journal of Dentistry

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2010 | July-September | Volume 1 | Issue 2

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Beena Rani Goel

Esthetic Endodontics

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/wjoud-1-2-v  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Maria Crysanti Cagidiaco, Cecilia Goracci, Antonella Polimeni

XP Bond in Self-Cure Mode Used for Luting Porcelain Restorations: 4-year Recall

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:69 - 73]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1014  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate some clinical parameters of Empress II restorations luted under clinical conditions with XP Bond in combination with SCA and Calibra cured in self-cure mode after 4 years of clinical service.

Materials and methods

Fifty-three restorations were placed in 38 patients from March 2006 until April 2006. No patient received more than two restorations. Luting procedures were performed following manufacturers’ instructions. The restorations were evaluated for postoperative sensitivity, marginal discoloration, marginal integrity, secondary caries, maintenance of interproximal contact and fracture at baseline, after 2 weeks, 6 months, 1, 2, 3 and 4 years of clinical service.

Results

At the 4-year recall 49 restorations were reevaluated. The clinical examination showed that postoperative sensitivity did not affect any restoration. Only 5 restorations of 49 showed bravo score and 2 charlie for marginal integrity/stain.1 restoration showed bravo score at vitality test and another restoration for interproximal contact. Secondary caries, retention and fracture parameters showed alpha scores.

Conclusion

All the evaluated restorations were in place and acceptable. The postoperative sensitivity recorded after using XP BOND with SCA and Calibra in self-cure mode was clinically acceptable after 4 years of clinical service and no serious endodontic complications were recorded.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ajay G Nayak, Laxmikanth Chatra, K Prashanth Shenai

Analysis of Copper and Zinc Levels in the Mucosal Tissue and Serum of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:75 - 78]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1015  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and Objectives

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a well-recognized potentially malignant disease of oral mucosa whose exact pathogenetic mechanisms have not been understood. Measurement of copper and zinc levels in the tissue and serum of these patients may be helpful in understanding the pathogenesis. Therefore, a study was undertaken to analyze the levels of these trace elements in the populations of the coastal region of south Karnataka and north Kerala, India, who show predominant use of areca nut due to their cultural and social backgrounds.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted on 20 cases of OSMF and 20 controls. The tissue and serum concentrations of copper and zinc in these 40 subjects were measured by colorimetry.

Results

The mean tissue copper level in OSMF group was 4.31 ± 1.13 μg/gm, while the tissue zinc level was 25.18 ± 4.92 μg/gm. The mean serum copper level in the OSMF group was 1.00 ± 0.20 μg/ml while the mean serum zinc level was 0.92 ± 0.18 μg/ml.

Interpretation and conclusion

The tissue copper levels in OSMF group showed very highly significant difference (p = 0.001) from the controls while the difference in tissue zinc levels was highly significant (p = 0.009). The serum levels of copper (p = 0.35) and zinc (p = 0.08) did not exhibit any statistical difference from those of the control group. These findings indicate that the trace elements, copper and zinc, within the oral mucosa definitely, have a role to play in the pathogenetic mechanisms of OSMF.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Girija Sajjan, Deepak Mehta

Mercury Vapor Release from Amalgam Restorations: An In Vitro Study

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:79 - 84]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1016  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Dental amalgam has served as an excellent and versatile restorative material for more than 150 years despite periods of controversies. If we were to believe the opinions of some of the last decade, dental amalgam would not survive as a restorative material into the 21st century. Various forces at work seemed to doom it to extinction.

The aim of the present study is to further characterize the factors that contribute to elemental mercury vapor exposure and to recommend how the practicing dentist can best minimize exposure in the practice setting.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Syed Vaseemuddin

DNA Extraction from Pulp Tissue for its Application in PCR. A Study to Extract DNA with High Purity as Quantified by Gel Electrophoresis

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:85 - 88]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1017  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The isolation of human genomic DNA is an important step involved in genetic identity analysis. Also getting optimal quantity and quality of DNA is important as this can alter the results. This consideration is especially important in the field of forensic analysis and genetic identity, where DNA is extracted from extremely small amounts of starting material often recovered from suboptimal storage conditions. Odontological examinations have always been a critical determinant in the search of human identity. Teeth form a natural barrier to exogenous DNA contamination. DNA extraction from dental tissues both hard tissues and dental pulp, has been reported the use of dental pulp, as a source of DNA offers a new paradigm in the process of DNA extraction and its use in forensic analysis.11 The following procedures elucidate a novel method of extraction of DNA using dental pulp, which offers a cost-effective and attractive procedure, which can be replicated and applied in DNA amplification (PCR).

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Francis W Allen

Part 2: “I would Rather have a Root Canal than...” Francis W Allen discusses the challenges of cleaning the canal thoroughly to minimize pain and ensure long-term success

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:89 - 94]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1018  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The primary objective of root canal therapy is retention of pulpless or pulpally involved tooth with its associated periapical tissues in a healthy state. Achievement of this objective requires that the pulpal spaces and contents be eliminated as sources of infection. No instrumentation technique can be100% effective in removing debris all the time. Although with Light speed technique we can achieve 95% removal of debris, introduction of an antimicrobial endodontic irrigant plays vital role in cleaning up any remaining debris and bacteria that can lead to pain and failure during root canal treatment. With traditional positive pressure irrigation technique getting an adequate amount of irrigant to flow into the last 1mm is not safe and easy. Additionally, techniques recommend 30 or 45 minutes of soaking, which is time consuming. These difficulties can be avoided by novel idea of reversing the irrigation process with EndoVac (discus) by using negative apical pressure for irrigation. SMART endo using light speed technique and endovac irrigation is faster, easier, safer, and can remove 99+% of the debris and bacteria in the critical apical region of the canal. That means less painful, better and more successful root canal treatment.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Marc Bachmann

Predictably Restoring Natural Beauty: A Clinically Proven Direct Approach

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:95 - 97]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1019  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

A clinically proven restorative approach is presented to achieve natural esthetics using an utmost conservative freehand bonding technique respecting the patient's wish for immediate esthetic and functional rehabilitation to affordable costs.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Bijle Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed, Yussuf K Chunawalla, Kavina Mansukhani, Prasad K Musale

Pediatric Basic Resuscitation in Dental Office

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:99 - 102]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1020  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Medical emergencies are little understood by most of the dentists. Thus, there is a significant need for increased awareness by dental professionals in the area of emergency medicine. Medical emergencies can and do occur in pediatric patients. Therefore, pediatric dentists should develop skills to handle various pediatric emergencies that have the potential to develop life-threatening conditions. We must be aware of the various protocols for initial stabilization of pediatric victims at risk in dental setup. Every patient expects his/her dentist to be familiar with emergency interventions that include atleast basic life support requirements and, if necessary, advanced methods including administration of specific medication. This review article will brief us with basic protocols required to manage pediatric emergencies in case of life-threatening conditions.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

PS Vijayalakshmi, AS Veereshi

Temporary Orthodontic Anchorage Devices

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:103 - 107]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1021  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Efficient anchorage control is one of the important requisites for successful orthodontic treatment. The conventional means of anchorage control have been the use of transpalatal /lingual arch and palatal button but disadvantage is they do not provide absolute anchorage. Though the use of headgear provide efficient anchorage control, the patients are not compliant in using a headgear. Orthodontic implants have provided us with noncompliant and efficient means of anchorage control. This article traces the journey of development of implants as temporary anchorage devices.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

M Manjunath, TA Deepak, Shubha Pewa

Antibiotics are Passe: Take a Look at Probiotics

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:109 - 111]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1022  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

“Part of the secret of success in life is to eat, what you like and let the food fight it out inside.”

—Mark Twain

This age—old quote was probably the first reference to a relatively novel group of organisms fondly known as ‘probiotics’. Probiotics are live organisms that alter the composition or metabolic activities of the microbiota, or to modulate immune system reactivity in a way that benefits our health. In other words, they are microorganisms good for our health. To achieve this, probiotics actively ‘compete’ with pathogenic bacteria for attachment sites, nutrition, etc. Probiotics are also beneficial by eliminating the toxins produced by pathogens, hereby rendering them invalid.

Research surrounding probiotics has historically focused on digestive health. Over recent years, scientists have been investigating the potential immune benefits of probiotics, as well as other benefits beyond the recognized area of gut.

This article attempts to summarize the mechanisms of action of probiotics with a brief overview of some of the oral benefits of certain probiotics organisms.

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CASE REPORT

Madan Nanjappa, R Keerthi, SV Kumaraswamy, G Anup Kumar

Proteus Syndrome: A Rare Entity

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:113 - 116]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1023  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The Proteus syndrome is a rare congenital hamartomatous condition that is characterized by a wide range of malformations, sometimes involving the face. Common manifestations include partial gigantism, congenital lipomas, and plantar hyperplasia. In this report, we describe a case of an 18-year-old male patient with Proteus syndrome, who had pronounced hemifacial hypertrophy, exostoses in the left parietal region, and enlargement of the inferior alveolar nerve and mandibular canal in the affected region. The dental development of the affected left mandible and maxilla was characterized by extremely premature development and eruption of the permanent teeth. The proposed multidisciplinary management of the patient and a review of literature of the Proteus patients, who exhibited manifestation in the craniofacial region is discussed in this report.

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CASE REPORT

Lalit Chandra Boruah, AC Bhuyan

Ultrasonography and Color Doppler as a Diagnostic Aid in Differentiation of Periapical Lesions of Endodontic Origin: Report of Two Cases

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:117 - 119]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1024  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Ultrasound with color Doppler is a proven, useful and noninvasive diagnostic tool in endodontics. It can give an idea about the nature and dimension of periapical lesion, which helps in preoperative assessment and treatment planning. This report discusses two cases of periapical lesions of endodontic origin diagnosed with the help of ultrasound and color Doppler and treated surgically.

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CASE REPORT

Devarshi Nandi, S Shivaprasad, L Ashok, BR Ahmed Mujib

Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of Upper Lip: An Unusual Presentation

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:121 - 124]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1025  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma is a rare salivary gland malignancy, usually derived from a long-standing or recurrent benign tumor, the pleomorphic adenoma.1 This rare tumor comprises less than 4% of salivary gland neoplasms and 11.6% of salivary gland carcinomas. They mostly involve the “major” salivary glands1 and their occurrence in the minor salivary gland is considered rare, especially in the upper lip. So far there is only one report of CXPA occurring in the upper lip in the literature.13 Hereby, we present a case of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma in a 52-year-old woman who reported to our department with a painful swelling on the upper lip which was diagnosed and treated successfully.

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CASE REPORT

Girish Nanjannawar, Reshma S Hegde

Esthetic and Functional Rehabilitation of Mesiodens Associated with Dens Invaginatus

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:125 - 127]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1026  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Key Message

Immediate esthetic management of mesiodens.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dennis Youngblood, Anil Reddy, Raghunath Puttaiah

The Rationale for Dental Safety

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:129 - 134]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1027  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Dental infection control and occupational safety are very important aspects of dentistry. It is quintessential to provide safe care to patients and at the same time not to be affected personally by occupational hazards. While patient safety addresses control of disease transmission to patients during care, occupational safety addresses control of occupational hazards to the care provider. Collectively, we can refer to both patient safety and occupational safety as “dental safety”.

“Primum non nocere” or “first, do no harm” is the key to providing safe dental care. Dentistry has evolved in science, technology and esthetics over the years, and around making various types and options of treatments available, but dental safety has not kept pace with changes and advancements. This is not due to lack of availability of information, materials and equipment, but due to lack of importance given to safety in comparison with other fields of dental sciences. While dental care is important in improving oral health, dental safety is important in controlling morbidity and mortality that is more important than improving oral health.

In this manuscript, we address the rationale for understanding the need for dental safety. We address recent status in epidemiology of infectious diseases, including HIV, infectious diseases commonly encountered during provision of dental care, routes of disease transmission, Spaulding's classification of surfaces, universal and standard precautions, additional precautions while anticipating certain diseases or during certain endemics and epidemics, and finally infectious disease related stigma impacting universal precautions.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Rainer Seemann, Norbert-Christian Juhr, Andreas Kage

Heterogeneous Glycopeptides from Gastric Mucin Inhibit Dental Decay in Rats: A Pilot Study

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:2] [Pages No:135 - 136]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1028  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether the application of sufficient amounts of soluble adhesin receptor analogues in the oral cavity could effectively inhibit the lectin mediated binding of Strep. mutans, and consequently the development of dental caries in vivo. Germ free rats were orally infected with Strep. mutans and were fed a high cariogenic diet. The control-group was given sterilized tap water. The test group received a sterilized solution of hydrolyzed gastric mucin. The test group developed significantly less carious lesions on approximal surfaces. Our data revealed that a continuous supplementation of glycopeptides from gastic mucins via drinking water is a potential inhibitor of dental decay in gnotobiotic rats.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Raghunath Puttaiah, Anil Kumar Reddy

Pearls in Pediatric Dentistry

[Year:2010] [Month:July-September] [Volume:1] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:137 - 139]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1029  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Pearls in Pediatric Dentistry is a series of educational articles that address essential clinical applications for all levels of dental care providers who come in contact with pediatric dental patients. Sources of information for these modules are derived from standards, bestpractices, evidence-based care, academic consensus, and finally clinical experience. Modules will address clinical care issues from infancy all the way to into adulthood. Specific topics to be covered are infant oral health, developmental disturbances, trauma, cariogenic medications, oral habits and interventions, acceptable restorative treatments, minor surgical procedures, space-maintainers, special needs dentistry, behavior management, and special topics.

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