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VOLUME 4 , ISSUE 4 ( October-December, 2013 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Effect of Periodontal Treatment on Preterm Birth Rate: Meta-analysis

Adel S Alobaid

Citation Information : Alobaid AS. Effect of Periodontal Treatment on Preterm Birth Rate: Meta-analysis. World J Dent 2013; 4 (4):256-261.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1241

Published Online: 01-06-2015

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2013; The Author(s).


Abstract

Introduction

During pregnancy, the prevalence and severity of gingivitis have been reported to be elevated. Studies suggest that periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB), as well as low birth weight (LBW) and pre-eclampsia. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to determine whether the treatment of periodontal disease by mechanical debridement and oral hygiene instructions during pregnancy will reduce the incidence of PTB < 37 weeks.

Materials and methods

Literature search was conducted for all clinical trials that related to periodontal disease and PTB from 2005 to 2012. Five were selected based no randomization technique, sample size and treatment approach. There were 2,767 patients randomly assigned to treatment group, in these trials, and 2,592 subjects randomly assigned to control group.

Results

There were 276 (9.98%) PTBs in treatment group vs 270 (10.42%) in control group. A total of 216 (8%) LBW were seen in experimental groups and 193 (7.5%) in control group. Our results showed no significant difference in the incidence of PTB with or without received periodontal treatment during pregnancy. Risk ratio (RR) was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.74-1.33) (p = 0.97) with moderate heterogeneity 12.33. df = 4 (p = 0.02) with I2= 68%. Experimental groups showed better periodontal health after delivery.

Conclusion

Periodontal treatment may improve the oral health during pregnancy without affecting the pregnancy outcome however; it did not reduce the incidence of PTB and LBW. Larger meta-analysis with less heterogeneity is needed.

How to cite this article

Alobaid AS. Effect of Periodontal Treatment on Preterm Birth Rate: Meta-analysis. World J Dent 2013;4(4):256-261.


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