In Vivo Molecular Toxicity Profile of a Novel Hybrid Glass Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing Block Using Embryonic Zebrafish Model
Stephan lampl, Deepa Gurunathan, Jogikalmat Krithikadatta, Ajay Guru, Venkata S Venkataiah, Deepak Mehta, Vigneshwar Thirugnanamsambandam
Keywords :
Biocompatibility, Edelweiss computer-aided design and manufacturing blocks, Resin-based dental materials, Zebrafish model
Citation Information :
lampl S, Gurunathan D, Krithikadatta J, Guru A, Venkataiah VS, Mehta D, Thirugnanamsambandam V. In Vivo Molecular Toxicity Profile of a Novel Hybrid Glass Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing Block Using Embryonic Zebrafish Model. World J Dent 2024; 15 (7):630-634.
Aim: To assess the safety of novel edelweiss computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) blocks using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model, focusing on their potential as a safer alternative to conventional materials due to their unique manufacturing process.
Materials and methods: In this randomized, parallel, three-arm, and assessor-blind in vivo study, 27 zebrafish embryos were allocated into three groups: untreated controls (group A, n = 9), vehicle controls using human saliva only (group B, n = 9), and treated group with test samples (edelweiss CAD/CAM blocks; group C, n = 9). Morphological and physiological assessments of embryonic and larval zebrafish were conducted at 48 and 72 hours postfertilization (hpf). Two independent assessors, blinded to treatment groups, utilized a grading system to quantify deformities. Hatching rates (48 hpf), survival rates (72 hpf), and heart rates (72 hpf) were also measured. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for heart rates, Kaplan–Meier analysis with logrank test for survival and hatching rates, and kappa statistic for interrater agreement. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Morphological assessments revealed no significant differences among the groups, with all samples receiving a rating of “0,” as per the Hermann's grading system. Interrater assessments at 48 and 72 hpf were in perfect agreement (Cohen's κ = 1). Hatching rates were consistent across groups, ranging from 66.7 to 77.8%, with no significant differences. Mean heart rates at 72 hpf were similar among the groups, ranging between 152 and 154 beats per minute. Survival rates were 100% in group A, 88.9% in group B, and 77.8% in group C, and the differences between groups were not significant.
Conclusion: The findings of this in vivo study indicate the safety of edelweiss CAD/CAM blocks when tested on embryonic and larval development in zebrafish models, as evidenced by normal morphological assessments, hatching rates, survival rates, and heart rates.
Clinical significance: The edelweiss CAD/CAM blocks, made with a unique hybrid glass material, offer a potentially safer alternative to traditional dental materials by maintaining essential mechanical properties without the associated risks of conventional resin-based systems.
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