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VOLUME 15 , ISSUE 6 ( June, 2024 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Salivary Leptin Levels in Varying Body Weight Patients during Orthodontic Treatment with Conventional and Self-ligating Brackets: An In Vivo Study

Kavuda Nagarjuna Prasad, Nivedita Sahoo, Piyush Gupta, Saranya Sreedhar, Aravind Krishnan, George Sam

Keywords : Body mass index, Orthodontic treatment, Salivary leptin levels, Self-ligating brackets

Citation Information : Prasad KN, Sahoo N, Gupta P, Sreedhar S, Krishnan A, Sam G. Salivary Leptin Levels in Varying Body Weight Patients during Orthodontic Treatment with Conventional and Self-ligating Brackets: An In Vivo Study. World J Dent 2024; 15 (6):506-513.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2429

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 05-08-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare salivary leptin levels in normal-weight and overweight female participants bonded with conventional and self-ligating preadjusted brackets and compared before and after orthodontic force application. The results were then correlated with the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and methods: The present study involved 48 female subjects who were divided equally into three main groups: group I—conventional bracket, group II—self-ligating bracket, and group III—control. Each group was further subdivided based on their body mass index (BMI) into normal-weight and overweight groups. All subjects required distalization of the maxillary canine after maxillary first premolar extraction. Active lacebacks were incorporated to apply distal force to the maxillary canine. Salivary samples were collected from each subject at T0 (before force application), T1 (1 hour after force application), and T2 (1 month after force application). The salivary samples were analyzed for leptin levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The rate of tooth movement was also measured at T2 on study models. Results: The mean salivary leptin concentration in conventional bracket (591.4 ± 213.2) and self-ligating bracket (608.1 ± 217.7) groups showed a significant initial increase at T1, and then decreased at T2 (423.1 ± 208.2 and 407.1 ± 214.3, respectively), whereas in the control group, there were no changes. In the self-ligating bracket group, both normal-weight (0.85 ± 0.03) and overweight (0.77 ± 0.02) participants had a significantly higher mean rate of tooth movement than the conventional (0.81 ± 0.04 and 0.71 ± 0.02, respectively) bracket group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The overall salivary leptin concentration in the self-ligating bracket group at T2 was much lower than its baseline compared to other groups. There was a significant inverse relationship between salivary leptin concentration and tooth movement rate. Clinical significance: Leptin has cytokine-like effects that are responsible for bone remodeling, and since orthodontic tooth movement involves the inflammatory process, leptin can affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement, with a difference in orthodontic tooth movement between normal-weight and overweight persons.

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