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VOLUME 15 , ISSUE 4 ( April, 2024 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep-disordered Apnea in Children Referred to the Pediatric Dental Clinic

Amal RI Batarseh

Keywords : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder associated symptoms, Obstructive sleep apnea, Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, Sleep-disordered breathing

Citation Information : Batarseh AR. Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep-disordered Apnea in Children Referred to the Pediatric Dental Clinic. World J Dent 2024; 15 (4):303-309.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2410

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 17-05-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: The study aims to estimate the prevalence of patients at risk for a sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) and to explore whether there is a correlation between SRBD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) related symptoms in pediatric patients aged 3–12 years who were referred to dental centers. Materials and methods: A total of 555 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. After registration at the clinics, parents or guardians randomly selected through odd-numbered patients aged 3–12 years were asked to finish the 22-question pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ) as an added section to the medical regimen history examination. Results: Within this sample, 14.1% (78 patients) had eight or more “yes” answers to the PSQ, suggesting that their PSQ test inspection was affirmative for a raised risk of having a SRBD. Sex and age were not considered confounding variables for a positive PSQ test score, with the female patients having a higher chance of earning such scores than the male patients. Conclusion: With the limitations of this study, based on our findings, it appears that 14.1% of children may be at an increased risk for SRBD. The PSQ could be applied as a supplement to a comprehensive clinical exam to identify patients with an increased risk of SRBD. According to this study, 17.15% of the questionnaire test scores were positive for questions related to symptoms of ADHD. Incorporating discussions with parents about ADHD-associated symptoms, snoring, and daytime sleepiness might help to identify patients at increased risk of SRBD. Clinical significance: This study is considered one of the first studies about the prevalence of pediatric patients at risk of sleep apnea in our region, as most studies were conducted on the adult population. The pediatric care provider must be aware of SRBD and ADHD-related symptoms in children. Although evidence is insufficient to conclude the relationship between ADHD and obstructive sleep apnea in children, it is worth discussing ADHD-related symptoms, snoring, and daytime sleepiness with parents. This discussion might be beneficial in identifying patients at increased risk of SRBD. The pediatric care provider can easily identify patients at increased risk of SRBD by using the 22-question PSQ as part of the routine medical history examination, and facilitate referring patients at risk for further clinical examination.

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