Comparison of Mucosal Vibration and Topical Anesthetic Spray for Pain Reduction during Local Anesthesia in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Jaeson M Painatt, Vishnu C Menon, Sherin Thomas, Girisankar Manimangalath, Ravi Veeraraghavan, Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan
Keywords :
Extraction, Local anesthesia, Pain, Topical anesthesia
Citation Information :
Painatt JM, Menon VC, Thomas S, Manimangalath G, Veeraraghavan R, Ramanarayanan V. Comparison of Mucosal Vibration and Topical Anesthetic Spray for Pain Reduction during Local Anesthesia in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. World J Dent 2024; 15 (4):288-291.
Introduction: Needle and dental phobia is very common. While topical anesthetic spray has been routinely employed in general practice before the administration of local anesthesia, several other methods for the reduction of pain have been employed with superior success.
Objectives: To compare the efficacy of the mucosal vibration technique and topical anesthetic spray technique to reduce pain during the administration of local anesthesia.
Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial (split-mouth design) was done among 15 patients aged between 14 and 45 years requiring extraction of maxillary premolars for orthodontic treatment. On one side, extraction was performed using topical anesthesia, and on the other side, mucosal vibrations were used. Buccal and palatal infiltration injections were given before the extraction of teeth. The pain was recorded using Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS) and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) pain scales. The study protocol has been registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/09/028135).
Results: It was observed that the mucosal vibration technique caused a significant reduction in pain perceived compared to the topical anesthetic spray technique (p < 0.05) during the administration of local anesthesia in both buccal and palatal aspects.
Conclusion: Mucosal vibrations were found to be effective in reducing discomfort during the administration of local anesthesia and can be used to assist the dentist in treating apprehensive patients effectively.
Kurtzman GM. Improving the local anesthesia experience for our patients. Dent Today 2014;33(4):120–124.
Baghdadi ZD. Evaluation of electronic dental anesthesia in children. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1999;88(4):418–423. DOI: 10.1016/s1079-2104(99)70055-7
Saxena P, Gupta SK, Newaskar V, et al. Advances in dental local anesthesia techniques and devices: an update. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2013;4(1):19–24. DOI: 10.4103/0975-5950.117873
Santhosh Kumar MP. Newer delivery systems for local anesthesia in dentistry. J Pharm Sci Res 2015;7(5): 252–255.
Becker DE, Reed KL. Local anesthetics: review of pharmacological considerations. Anesth Prog 2012;59(2):90–101. DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-59.2.90
Covino BG. Pharmacology of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Anaesth 1986;58:701–716. DOI: 10.1093/bja/58.7.701
Meechan JG. Effective topical anesthetic agents and techniques. Dent Clin North Am 2002;46(4):759–766. DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8532(02)00035-6
M A, Nagar P, Singh P, et al. Comparison of topical anesthetic gel, pre- cooling, vibration and buffered local anesthesia on the pain perception of pediatric patients during the administration of local anesthesia in routine dental procedures. Int J Contemp Med Res 2017;4(2):400–403.
Campbell AH, Stasse JA, Lord GH, et al. In vivo evaluation of local anesthetics applied topically. J Pharm Sci 1968;57(12):2045–2048. DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600571204
Bennett CR. Monheims Local Anaesthesia and Pain Control in Dental Practice, 7th edition. St Louis: Mosby; 1984. pp. 159–167.
Malamed SF. Handbook of Local Anesthesia, 5th edition. St Louis: Mosby; 2004. pp. 119–121.
Deepika A, Rao CR, Vinay C, et al. Effectiveness of two flavored topical anesthetic agents in reducing injection pain in children: a comparative study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;37(1):15–18. DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.37.1.h4jl152t334j3802
Wilson S. Local anesthesia and oral surgery in children. In: Casamassimo PS, Fields HW, McTigue DJ, Nowak AJ (Eds). Pediatric Dentistry: Infancy Through Adolescence, 5th edition. St Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2013. pp. 398–410.
Ring ME. The history of local anesthesia. J Calif Dent Assoc 2007;35(4):275–282.
Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science 1965;150(3699):971–979. DOI: 10.1126/science.150.3699.971
Lundeberg T, Nordemar R, Ottoson D. Pain alleviation by vibration stimulation. Pain 1984;20(1):25–44. DOI: 10.1016/0304-3959(84)90808-X
Available from: http://www.Dentalvibe.com. [Last accessed on 2020 Jul 20].
Sharma A, Suprabha BS, Shenoy R, et al. Efficacy of lignocaine in gel and spray form during buccal infiltration anesthesia in children: a randomised clinical trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):750–754. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1611
Tandon S, Kalia G, Shrama M, et al. Comparative evaluation of mucosal vibrator with topical anesthetic gel to reduce pain during administration of local anesthesia in pediatric patients; an in vivo study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(4):261–265. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1523
Salem K, Kousha M, Anissian A, et al. Dental fear and concomitant factors in 3–6 year–old children. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2012;6(2):70–74. DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2012.015
Porritt J, Marshman Z, Rodd HD. Understanding children's dental anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction. Int J Paediatr Dent 2012;22(6):397–405. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2011.01208.x
Gustafsson A, Arnrup K, Broberg AG, et al. Psychosocial concomitants to dental fear and behaviour management problems. Int J Paediatr Dent 2007;17(6):449–459. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2007.00883.x
Locker D, Liddell A, Dempster L, et al. Age of onset of dental anxiety. J Dent Res 1999;78(3):790–796. DOI: 10.1177/00220345990780031201
Garg A, Garg N, Kaur D, et al. Evaluation of efficacy of 2% lidocaine gel and 20% benzocaine gel for topical anesthesia. Endodontology 2016;28(1):38–41. DOI: 10.4103/0970-7212.184338
Melzack R. Gate control theory – on the evolution of pain concepts. J Pain 1996;5(2):128–138. DOI: 10.1016/S1082-3174(96)80050-X
Dhanapriya, Kumar DN, Srinivasan, et al. A comparative study on pain encountered with a simulator vibrotactile device assisted la administration, with topical la technique and conventional technique. Int J Appl Dent Sci 2019;5(1):13–16.
Wong DL, Baker CM. Pain in children: comparison of assessment scales. Pediatr Nurs 1988;14(1):9–17.
Tomlinson D, von Baeyer CL, Stinson JN, et al. A systematic review of faces scales for the self-report of pain intensity in children. Pediatrics 2010;126(5):e1168–1198. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-1609
Garra G, Singer AJ, Taira BR, et al. Validation of the Wong-Baker faces pain rating scale in pediatric emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17(1):50–54. DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00620.x
Arif–Rahu M, Fisher D, Matsuda Y. Biobehavioral measures for pain in the pediatric patient. Pain Manag Nurs 2012;13(3):157–168. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2010.10.036
Hadjistavropoulos T, Craig KD. A theoretical framework for understanding self–report and observational measures of pain: a communications model. Behav Res Ther 2002;40:551–570. DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00072-9