Citation Information :
Verghese R, Srinath S, Yadav ST, Kulkarni M, Sampath R, Khatoon H. Extranodal Rosai–Dorfman Disease: An Uncommon Presentation in the Mandible. World J Dent 2024; 15 (3):274-278.
Aim: The aim of this case report is to illustrate a rare case of extranodal Rosai–Dorfman disease (ENRDD) presenting in the mandible.
Background: Rosai–Dorfman disease is a disease that causes cervical lymphadenopathy with other symptoms like fever and weight loss. ENRDD is one that presents without nodal involvement. Although usually seen in the head and neck region, only a handful of reports of it affecting the mandible have been published.
Case description: A 45-year-old female patient complained of growth over the residual alveolar ridge. An incisional biopsy was done, and the tissue was processed for histopathological examination. Histopathological examination revealed sheets of histiocytes. In some areas, histiocytes exhibiting emperipolesis were observed. The immunohistochemical analysis gave a negative result for CD1a, and a positive result for S100, and hence, a diagnosis of RDD was rendered.
Conclusion: The ENRDD is a relatively uncommon lesion. Only a few case reports have been published regarding how it affects the gnathic bones. Emperipolesis is relatively more difficult to see in ENRDD than in RDD.
Clinical significance: This case report could be of clinical significance as soft tissue growth in the mandible can result in something unsuspected. ENRDD is relatively uncommon, and according to our knowledge, <10 case reports have been published of ENRDD in the mandible. Our case not only shows a radiolucent lesion in the mandible but also exhibits soft tissue growth.
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