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VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 2 ( February, 2023 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Periodontitis in Pregnant Women with Metabolic Syndrome Leading to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Ghousia Sayeed

Keywords : Adverse outcomes, Metabolic Syndrome, Pathological mechanism, Periodontitis, Pregnancy

Citation Information : Sayeed G. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Periodontitis in Pregnant Women with Metabolic Syndrome Leading to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. World J Dent 2023; 14 (2):192-199.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2163

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 17-04-2023

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: To review the current data on the association between problems in a pregnant woman with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontitis and to discuss the mechanisms underlying this association. Background: Periodontitis, according to some studies, has been linked to pregnancy complications such as preterm (PT) labor, reduced weight at birth, and preeclampsia (PE). MetS is a group of health factors that includes physiological, circulatory, and immunological markers. The physiologic perturbations that support MetS are constant and also include thrombotic dyslipidemia, hypertension blood pressure (BP), resistance against insulin, overweight, and prothrombotic and proinflammatory states, despite the fact that there were many interpretations used to characterize and classify MetS. Review results: Premature deliveries and other prenatal difficulties associated with MetS are linked to periodontitis. Periodontal bacteria may play a role in this process, either directly generating fetal anomalies or indirectly stimulating the inflammatory reaction and myocyte contraction, resulting in PT birth. However, there is yet no information on the effects of diverse oral microbial populations. Furthermore, current data did not provide definite answers about the effectiveness of periodontal therapy in preventing PT births and other prenatal problems associated with MetS, and definitive intervention strategies have not been created. Conclusion: Premature deliveries and other prenatal difficulties associated with MetS are linked to periodontitis, which may damage the subject throughout their life. Periodontal bacteria may play a role in this process, either directly generating fetal anomalies or indirectly stimulating the inflammatory reaction and myocyte contraction, resulting in PT. However, there is yet no information on the effects of diverse oral microbial populations. Clinical significance: Pregnant women with MetS should be encouraged to get regular dental checkups throughout their pregnancy to assess their oral health and receive periodontal disease therapy. They should be informed that such therapy during the course of gestation is effective in lowering the probability of premature delivery or newborns with low weight at birth.

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