World Journal of Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 12 , ISSUE 5 ( September-October, 2021 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Association between Occupational Exposure to Tobacco Dust and Absolute Telomere Length: A Cross-sectional Study on Female Beedi Workers

Yamini Kanipakam, Vezhavendhan Nagaraja, Suganya Rajaram, Vidyalakshmi Santhanam, Bala Maddileti Gandla, Raj Kumar Chinnadurai

Keywords : Occupational hazards, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Telomere length, Tobacco dust

Citation Information : Kanipakam Y, Nagaraja V, Rajaram S, Santhanam V, Gandla BM, Chinnadurai RK. Association between Occupational Exposure to Tobacco Dust and Absolute Telomere Length: A Cross-sectional Study on Female Beedi Workers. World J Dent 2021; 12 (5):417-422.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1854

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 29-09-2021

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: The main aim of the study was to assess the absolute telomere length (aTL) in female beedi workers using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and to compare the aTL with female non-beedi workers. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among age-matched 20 female non-beedi workers and 20 female beedi workers were enrolled for molecular analysis. The workers were in the age-group of 20–35 years and were workers exposed from 1 to 3 years. Saliva samples were collected from workers and control subjects for molecular analysis. The genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and aTL was estimated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The mean and standard deviation of average absolute TL/each chromosome end for the control group and study group were 0.75 ± 0.94 and 1.45 ± 2.76 kb. There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and the study group (Z = −0.112, p = 0.911). Conclusion: The present study revealed that there is no significant association in average absolute TL in early exposed female beedi workers when compared with female non-beedi workers. Furthermore, horizons are to be expanded for the population to prevent any occupational health hazards. Clinical significance: Telomere length is a biological clock that decides the lifetime of a cell and organism. Determination of TL is a better tool to detect genomic damage. Unburnt tobacco has been related to several health issues in beedi employees. The importance is to predict the genetic liability by estimating the aTL in beedi workers at early exposure to tobacco dust (TD).


HTML PDF Share
  1. Bhat P, Kumar A, Aruna C, et al. Assessment of oral mucosal conditions among beedi workers residing in beedi workers colonies in Karnataka, India. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2018;22(3):298. DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_140_18.
  2. Manigandan T, Kishore K, Julius A, et al. Tobacco: an overview. Drug Vention Today 2019;12(3):532–536.
  3. Karlseder J, Kachatrian L, Takai H, et al. Targeted deletion reveals an essential function for the telomere length regulator Trf1. Molecular Cell Biol 2003;23(18):6533–6541. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.23.18.6533-6541.2003.
  4. Ansari MS, Raj A. Socio-economic status of women Beedi workers in Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh: an empirical analysis. UTMS J Econom 2015;6(1):53–66.
  5. Niakan Kalhori SR, Behzadi A, Maharlou H, et al. A burden assessment of occupational exposures in Iran, 1990–2010: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010. Int J Prevent Med 2018;9:56.
  6. Sundaramoorthy R, Srinivasan V, Gujar J, et al. Clinical, cytogenetic and CYP1A1 Exon-1 gene mutation analysis of Beedi workers in Vellore region, Tamil Nadu. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prevent 2013;14(12):7555–7560. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7555.
  7. Joshi K, Robins M, Parashramlu V, et al. An epidemiological study of occupational health hazards among bidi workers of Amarchinta, Andhra Pradesh. J Acade Indust Res 2013;1(9):561–564.
  8. Bhisey R, Bagwe A, Mahimkar M, et al. Biological monitoring of beedi industry workers occupationally exposed to tobacco. Toxicol Lett 1999;108(2-3):259–265. DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00097-1.
  9. Umadevi B, Swarna M, Padmavathi P, et al. Cytogenetic effects in workers occupationally exposed to tobacco dust. Mutat Res/Gene Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2003;535(2):147–154. DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(02)00291-7.
  10. Kahl VF, Dhillon V, Fenech M, et al. Occupational exposure to pesticides in tobacco fields: the integrated evaluation of nutritional intake and susceptibility on genomic and epigenetic instability. Oxid Med Cell Longe 2018;2018::7017423. DOI: 10.1155/2018/7017423.
  11. Basu G, Sarkar D, Pal R, et al. Morbidity audit of women Beedi workers in an urban fringe of West Bengal, India. J Clin Diagnos Res 2018;12(3):5–9. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2018/31226.11265.
  12. Pande R, Structural Violence and Women's Health–Work in the Beedi Industry in India. InViolence and Health, Proceedings of WHO Global Symposium 1999 Oct pp. 192–205.
  13. John P, Beedi Industry and Welfare of Workers in India. Review of policies and literature. New Delhi. 2015.
  14. Shammas MA. Telomeres, lifestyle, cancer, and aging. Curr Opin Clin Nutrit Metabol Care 2011;14(1):28. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32834121b1.
  15. Kelesidis T, Schmid I. Assessment of telomere length, phenotype, and DNA content. Curr Proto Cytom 2017;79(1):7–26. DOI: 10.1002/cpcy.12.
  16. Kahl V, Da Silva J. Telomere length and its relation to human health. In: Telomere: a Complex End of a Chromosome. ML Larramendy; 2016. pp. 163–187.
  17. Cassidy A, De Vivo I, Liu Y, et al. Associations between diet, lifestyle factors, and telomere length in women. Am J Clin Nutrit 2010;91(5):1273–1280. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28947.
  18. Nagesh A, Ugle SS. A research on effects of tobacco dust on status of total thiol in bidi industry workers. Int J Adv Med 2020;7(8):1269–1273. DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20203127.
  19. Silva F, Silva J, Nunes E. Application of the buccal micronucleus cytome assay and analysis of PON1Gln192Arg and CYP2A6*9 (−48T>G) polymorphisms in tobacco farmers. Environ Molecu Mutagen 2012;53(7):525–534. DOI: 10.1002/em.21713.
  20. Gustavsson P, Jakobsson R, Johansson H, et al. Occupational exposures and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and oesophagus: a case-control study in Sweden. Occupat Environ Med 1998;55(6):393–400. DOI: 10.1136/oem.55.6.393.
  21. Jethwa AR, Khariwala SS. Tobacco-related carcinogenesis in head and neck cancer. Cancer Metast Rev 2017;36(3):411–423. DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9689-6.
  22. Cogliano VJ, Baan R, Straif K, et al. Preventable exposures associated with human cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011;103(24):1827–1839. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djr483.
  23. Yasmin S, Afroz B, Hyat B, et al. Occupational health hazards in women beedi rollers in Bihar, India. Bullet Environ Contaminat Toxicol 2010;85(1):87–91. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-010-0037-6.
  24. Khanna A, Gautam D, Gokhale M, et al. Tobacco dust induced genotoxicity as an occupational hazard in workers of bidi making cottage industry of central India. Toxicol Internat 2014;21(1):18. DOI: 10.4103/0971-6580.128785.
  25. Singh SK, Gupta A, Rajan SY, et al. Correlation of presence of Candida and epithelial dysplasia in oral mucosal lesions. J Clin Diagnos Res 2014;8(10):31. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9872.4956.
  26. Shukla P, Khanna A, Jain SK. Working condition: a key factor in increasing occupational hazard among bidi rollers: a population health research with respect to DNA damage. Indian J Occupat Environ Med 2011;15(3):139. DOI: 10.4103/0019-5278.93206.
  27. Martinez P, Blasco MA. Telomere-driven diseases and telomere-targeting therapies. J Cell Biol 2017;216(4):875–887. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201610111.
  28. Barrett JH, Iles MM, Dunning AM, et al. Telomere length and common disease: study design and analytical challenges. Hum Genet 2015;134(7):679–689. DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1563-4.
  29. Vega LR, Mateyak MK, Zakian VA. Getting to the end: telomerase access in yeast and humans. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2003;4(12):948–959. DOI: 10.1038/nrm1256.
  30. Kahl VF, Allen JA, Nelson CB, et al. Telomere length measurement by molecular combing. Front Cell Develop Biol 2020;8:493. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00493.
  31. Buehring J, Hecker M, Fitzner B, et al. Systematic review of studies on telomere lengths in patients with multiple sclerosis. medRxiv 2020.
  32. De Lange T. Shelterin: the protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres. Genes Develop 2005;19(18):2100–2110. DOI: 10.1101/gad.1346005.
  33. Kosebent EG, Uysal F, Ozturk S. Telomere length and telomerase activity during folliculogenesis in mammals. J Reproduct Develop 2018;64(6):477–484. DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2018-076.
  34. Mahimkar MB, Bhisey RA. Occupational exposure to bidi tobacco increases chromosomal aberrations in tobacco processors. Mutat Res/Environm Mutagen Relat Sub 1995;334(2):139–144. DOI: 10.1016/0165-1161(95)90004-7.
  35. Lu L, Johnman C, McGlynn L, et al. Association between exposure to second-hand smoke and telomere length: cross-sectional study of 1303 non-smokers. Int J Epidemiol 2017;46(6):1978–1984. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx212.
  36. O'Callaghan NJ, Fenech M. A quantitative PCR method for measuring absolute telomere length. Biol Proced Online 2011;13(3). DOI: 10.1186/1480-9222-13-3.
  37. Thomas P, O'Callaghan NJ, Fenech M. Telomere length in white blood cells, buccal cells and brain tissue and its variation with ageing and Alzheimer's disease. Mechanis Age Develop 2008;129(4):183–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2007.12.004.
  38. Nettle D, Seeker L, Nussey D, et al. Consequences of measurement error in qPCR telomere data: a simulation study. PLoS ONE 2019;14(5):e0216118. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216118.
  39. Montpetit AJ, Alhareeri AA, Montpetit M, et al. Telomere length: a review of methods for measurement. Nurs Res 2014;63(4):289. DOI: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000037.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.