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VOLUME 12 , ISSUE 3 ( May-June, 2021 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Sensitivity and Specificity of Serum and Salivary CYFRA21-1 in Detecting Malignant Changes in Oral Potentially Malignant Lesions (Diagnostic Accuracy Study)

Salsabeel Afifi, Fat heya Zahran, Olfat Shaker, Nayroz Tarrad, Basma Elsaadany

Citation Information :

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1825

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 00-06-2021

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: To identify the specificity and sensitivity of CYFRA21-1 in differentiating between oral malignancy and oral potentially malignant lesions (PML) and to be able to early diagnose malignant changes in oral lesions. Materials and methods: It was a prospective pilot study. Twenty-eight participants were collected in a convenience series and divided into three groups. Group I: 12 patients suffering from PML. Group II: eight patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Group III: eight participants with no oral lesions. Serum and salivary CYFRA21-1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated with the histopathological examination to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The OSCC group showed the highest levels of both salivary and serum CYFRA21-1 followed by the group of PML than the control group. The differences in means were statistically significant. At a cutoff value of 0.4 ng/mL, salivary CYFRA21-1 showed 87.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity in differentiating PML from OSCC, with 95% accuracy. Serum CYFRA21-1, at a cutoff value of 1.03 ng/mL showed 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Conclusion: Serum and salivary CYFRA21-1 could be considered promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of oral malignancy and could help detect early malignant changes in PML, especially oral lichen planus and leukoplakia.

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