World Journal of Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 12 , ISSUE 1 ( January-February, 2021 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Evaluation and Applicability of Tanaka–Johnston and Moyers’ Mixed Dentition Analysis for North Indian Population

Aashima Doda, Divesh Sardana, Tarun Kumar

Citation Information : Doda A, Sardana D, Kumar T. Evaluation and Applicability of Tanaka–Johnston and Moyers’ Mixed Dentition Analysis for North Indian Population. World J Dent 2021; 12 (1):57-63.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1819

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-02-2021

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background: Mixed dentition arch analysis is an important criterion in determining an orthodontic treatment plan. The development of the Tanaka–Johnston (1974) and Moyers’ prediction (1973, 1998) was established on the Northern European population. However, the corroboration of ethnic tooth size variability suggests that prediction approaches based on a single ethnic sample may not be regarded as universal. Very few studies have been done for the Indian population. Aim and objective: The purpose of the study was done to evaluate the applicability of Tanaka–Johnston and Moyers’ mixed dentition analysis in the prediction of mesiodistal width of unerupted canines and premolars for North Indian children. Settings and design: This cross-sectional study was done on 200 participants (100 males and 100 females) in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics in the North Indian population. Materials and methods: A sample of 200 North Indian population within the age group 12–15 years was randomly drawn. Mesiodistal widths of mandibular incisors and canine and premolars in both the arches were measured from the dental casts of the study participants. The sum of the actual mesiodistal widths of maxillary and mandibular canine-premolars segments was compared to those obtained from Tanaka–Johnston equations and Moyers’ prediction tables (35th to 85th percentile). Statistical analysis used: Inferential statistics were performed using unpaired and paired t-tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Moyers’ tables over-estimated the widths in maxilla and mandible of males and females at all probability levels (p < 0.001) except under-estimation in females mandibular arch only at 35% probability (p = 0.056) and at 35% and 50% probability in maxillary arch (p < 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively). Tanaka and Johnston equations over-estimated the values in both the jaws of both the genders (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Tanaka–Johnston equations overestimated the values therefore less appropriate to be used in this population; however, Moyers’ prediction tables can be used but at different probability levels for both genders.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Nance HN. The limitations of orthodontic treatment: I. Mixed dentition diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod Oral Surg 1947;33(4):177–223. DOI: 10.1016/0096-6347(47)90051-3.
  2. Jensen E, Kai-jen Yen P, Moorrees CF, et al. Mesiodistal crown diameters of the deciduous and permanent teeth in individuals. J Dent Res 1957;36(1):39–47. DOI: 10.1177/00220345570360011501.
  3. Bull RL. Radiographic method to estimate the mesiodistal dimension of unerupted teeth. Am J Orthod 1959;45(9):711–712. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9416(59)90216-7.
  4. de Paula S, Almeida MA, Lee PC. Prediction of mesiodistal diameter of unerupted lower canines and premolars using 45 degrees cephalometric radiography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1995;107(3):309–314. DOI: 10.1016/S0889-5406(95)70147-8.
  5. Carey CW. Linear arch dimension and tooth size; an evaluation of the bone and dental structures in cases involving the possible reduction of dental units in treatment. Am J Orthod 1949;35(10):762–775. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9416(49)90148-7.
  6. Moyers RE. Handbook of orthodontics. 3th ed., Chicago: Yearbook Medical Publishers; 1973. pp. 369–379.
  7. Tanaka MM, Johnston LE. The prediction of the size of unerupted canines and premolars in a contemporary orthodontic population. J Am Dent Assoc 1974;88(4):798–801. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1974.0158.
  8. Hixon EH, Oldfather RE. Estimation of the sizes of unerupted cuspid and bicuspid teeth. Angle Orthod 1958;88:236–240.
  9. Ingervall B, Lennartsson B. Prediction of breadth of permanent canines and premolars in the mixed dentition. Angle Orthod 1978;48:62–69.
  10. Staley RN, Hoag JF. Prediction of the mesiodistal widths of maxillary permanent canines and premolars. Am J Orthod 1978;73(2):169–177. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9416(78)90187-2.
  11. Staley RN, Kerber PE. A revision of the Hixon and Oldfather mixed-dentition prediction method. Am J Orthod 1980;78(3):296–302. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9416(80)90274-2.
  12. Irwin RD, Herold JS, Richardson A. Mixed dentition analysis: a review of methods and their accuracy. Int J Paediatr Dent 1995;5(3):137–142. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.1995.tb00296.x.
  13. Proffit WR, Fields HW. Contemporary orthodontics. 3rd ed., St. Louis: CV Mosby; 2000. pp. 164–168.
  14. Moyers RE. Handbook of orthodontics. 4th ed., Chicago: Yearbook Medical Publishers; 1998. pp. 235–239.
  15. Bailit HL. Dental variations among populations: an anthropological view. Dent Clin North Am 1975;19:125–139.
  16. Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR, Abdallah EM, et al. Comparisons of mesiodistal and buccolingual crown dimensions of the permanent teeth in the three populations from Egypt, Mexico, and the United States. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989;96(5):416–422. DOI: 10.1016/0889-5406(89)90326-0.
  17. Yuen KK, Tang EL, So LL. Mixed dentition analysis for Hong Kong Chinese. Angle Orthod 1998;68:21–28.
  18. Petrie A, Bulman JS, Osborn JF. Further statistics in dentistry. Part 1; research design 1. Br Dent J 2002;193(8):435–440. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4801591.
  19. Schirmer UR, Wiltshire WA. Orthodontic probability tables for black patients of African descent: mixed dentition analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997;112(5):545–551. DOI: 10.1016/S0889-5406(97)70082-9.
  20. Singh V, Singla A, Mahajan V, et al. Development of a prediction equation for the mixed dentition in a Himachal population. Ind J Dent Sci 2013;5:40–43.
  21. Diagne F, Diop-Ba K, Ngom PI, et al. Mixed dentition analysis in a Senegalese population: elaboration of prediction tables. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124(2):178–183. DOI: 10.1016/S0889-5406(03)00390-1.
  22. Philip NI, Prabhakar M, Arora D, et al. Applicability of the Moyers mixed dentition probability tables and new prediction aids for a contemporary population in India. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;138(3):339–345. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.09.035.
  23. Durgekar SG, Naik V. Evaluation of Moyers mixed dentition analysis in school children. Indian J Dent Res 2009;20(1):26–30. DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.49056.
  24. Shah S, Bhaskar V, Venkataraghvan K, et al. Applicability of regression equation using widths of mandibular permanent first molars and incisors as a predictor of widths of mandibular canines and premolars in contemporary Indian population. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2013;31(3):135–140. DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.117962.
  25. Dasgupta B, Zahir S. Comparison of two non-radiographic techniques of mixed dentition space analysis and evaluation of their reliability for Bengali population. Contemp Clin Dent 2012;3(6):S146–S150. DOI: 10.4103/0976-237X.101069.
  26. Srivastava B, Bhatia HP, Singh R, et al. Validation of Tanaka and Johnston's analysis in western UP Indian population. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2013;31(1):36–42. DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.112405.
  27. Hashim HA, Al-Shalan TA. Prediction of the size of un-erupted permanent cuspids and bicuspids in a Saudi sample: a pilot study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003;4(4):40–53. DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-4-4-40.
  28. Abu Alhaija ES, Qudeimat MA. Mixed dentition space analysis in a Jordanian population: comparison of two methods. Int J Pediatr Dent 2006;16(2):104–110. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00700.x.
  29. Jaroontham J, Godfrey K. Mixed dentition space analysis in a Thai population. Eur J Orthod 2000;22(2):127–134. DOI: 10.1093/ejo/22.2.127.
  30. Johnston JrLE. Regression-is your guess as good as mine? Semin Orthod 2002;8(2):87–91. DOI: 10.1053/sodo.2002.32189.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.