World Journal of Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 8 , ISSUE 3 ( May-June, 2017 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effects of Bleaching Agents on the Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk Fill Composites

K Pradeep

Citation Information : Pradeep K. Effects of Bleaching Agents on the Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk Fill Composites. World J Dent 2017; 8 (3):196-201.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1437

Published Online: 01-06-2015

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2017; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim

The aim was to compare the effect of 10 and 20% carbamide peroxide (CP) on microhardness (MHN) and surface roughness of two commercially available bulk fill composites (X-tra fill Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill).

Materials and methods

A total of 50 specimens with both type composites were prepared using brass molds of inner diameter 10 mm and a height of 4 mm. Each type of composite was further divided into three groups, control group stored in artificial saliva for 14 days, other groups bleached with 10 and 20% CP respectively, for 14 days. Microhardness of the composite resin was tested with a Vickers hardness tester, whereas surface roughness was tested with profilometer.

Results

All the analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18. The value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Both 10 and 20% CP significantly reduced MHN of experimental composite resins. However, the mean surface roughness was significantly higher in X-tra fill Bulk Fill than Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill at 20% CP concentration. The mean MHN of Tetric EvoCeram was reduced when compared with X-tra fill at 20% CP.

Conclusion

There was a significant reduction in the MHN of restorative materials observed after exposure to CP under a clinically simulated bleaching regimen. However, increase in surface roughness was seen only at 20% CP.

Clinical significance

The physical properties, such as MHN and surface roughness have a crucial effect on the longevity of restorations and, moreover, on the esthetic demands of patients, but they may be compromised by bleaching treatments. The aim of this research paper was to assess the reaction of home bleaching agents on the physical properties of two Bulk Fill composite resin restorative materials.

How to cite this article

Francis G, Pradeep K, Ginjupalli K, Saraswathi V. Effects of Bleaching Agents on the Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk Fill Composites. World J Dent 2017;8(3):196-201.


PDF Share
  1. ada.org/~/media/ADA/Science%20and%20Research/Files/guide_home_bleach.ashx. [Last accessed on 2016 Dec;11]
  2. Effect of bleaching on restorative materials and restorations – a systematic review. Dent Mater 2004 Nov;20(9):852-861.
  3. Effects of home bleaching products on composite resins. Quintessence Int 1992 Jul;23(7):489-494.
  4. Effect of storage temperature on pH of in-office and at-home dental bleaching agents. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2009;22(1):27-31.
  5. Bleaching techniques in restorative dentistry. An Illustrated Guide. 1st ed. London: Martin Dunitz Ltd.; 2001.
  6. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence Int 1989 Mar;20(3):173-176.
  7. The safety-in-use of 10% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence) for bleaching teeth under the supervision of a dentist. Br Dent J 1999 Aug 28;187(4):190-194.
  8. Surface hardness change of restorative filling materials stored in saliva. Dent Mater 2001 Jan;17(1):34-39.
  9. Polymer handbook. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1989.
  10. Safety and stability of nightguard vital bleaching: 9 to 12 years post-treatment. J Esthet Restor Dent 2002;14(5): 275-285.
  11. Effect of 10% carbamide peroxide dental bleaching on microhardness of filled and unfilled sealant materials. Am J Dent 2001;14: 67-71.
  12. Characterization of enamel exposed to 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agents. Quintessence Int 1993 Jan;24(1):39-44.
  13. The effect of bleaching agents on the surface hardness of tooth colored restorative materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May 15;6(2):18-26.
  14. Effects of in-office tooth whiteners on hardness of tooth-colored restoratives. Oper Dent 2002 Mar-Apr;27(2):137-141.
  15. Effects of different concentrations of bleaching agent on the micro hardness of restorative materials – an in vitro study. J Res Med Dent Sci 2015;3(3): 188-193.
  16. Effects of different concentrations of bleaching agent on the micro hardness and shear bond strength of restorative materials – an in vitro study. J Dent Oral Hyg J Dent Oral Hyg 2010;2: 7-14.
  17. A clinical evaluation of 10 percent vs 15 percent carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening agents. J Am Dent Assoc 2000 Oct;131(10):1478-1484.
  18. ivoclarvivadent.in/zooluwebsite/media/document. [Last accessed 2016 Dec;11]
  19. Pushout bond strength of restorations with bulk-fill, flow, and conventional resin composites. Scientific World Journal 2015;2015:452976
  20. Physico-mechanical characteristics of commercially available bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014 Aug;42(8):993-1000.
  21. Effects of different bleaching agent concentrations on surface roughness and microhardness of esthetic restorative materials. Saudi J Dent Res 2015;6:124-128.
  22. The effect of different bleaching agents on the surface texture of restorative materials. Oper Dent 2006 Jul-Aug;31(4):473-480.
  23. Determination of surface roughness and topography of dental resin-based nanocomposites using AFM analysis. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2013 Feb;13(1):34-43.
  24. Effect of bleaching on color change and refractive index of dental composite resins. Dent Mater J 2008 Jan;27(1):105-116.
  25. Effect of bleaching on subsurface micro-hardness of composite and a polyacid modified composite. Dent Mater 2007 Feb;23(2):198-203.
  26. Effects of Colgate Platinum Professional Toothwhitening System on microhardness of enamel, dentin, and composite resins. Compend (Suppl) 1994;(17):S627-S630.
  27. Peroxide bleaches: Effect on tensile strength of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 1993 Mar;69(3):247-249.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.