Aim: To assess the position of lingula and course of the inferior alveolar canal after sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) in dry human mandible. Methodology: Sagittal split ramus osteotomy was performed on both right and left sides of 20 adult dry mandibles. Position of lingula was assessed with a digital vernier caliper, course of the nerve in the canal was evaluated through radiographs, and location of canal was assessed on the right and left sides of mandibles. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using paired t-test and Chi-square test. Results: Position of lingula from anterior border of mandible varies between right and left sides of mandible which was statistically significant (p = 0.04). Curved course of canal was found in majority of the dry mandible—80% (right side) and 70% (left side). Location of canal after split was found to be on the distal segment—80% (right side) and 55% (left side). Conclusion: The significant finding of the study was that the position of lingula from the anterior border of ramus between right and left sides of mandible is not constant. Reference distances for surgery based on age and ethnicity can be formatted with future studies on similar guidelines. Clinical significance: The variations in position of lingula between right and left sides of the mandible and the ethnic variations have to be kept in mind as they can act as a reference point for performing the SSRO. Course and location of nerve in canal have to be taken into account during surgery as they are important factors in determining paresthesia.