Orthodontic Displacement and Stress Assessment:
A Finite Element Analysis
Komal N Prasad, Prashantha Shivamurthy, Roshan Sagarkar
Citation Information :
N Prasad K, Shivamurthy P, Sagarkar R. Orthodontic Displacement and Stress Assessment: A Finite Element Analysis. World J Dent 2017; 8 (5):407-412.
Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the stress distribution
and displacement of palatally impacted maxillary canine
and its adjacent teeth (lateral incisor and first premolar) when
orthodontic extrusion forces were applied on the impacted
canine.
Materials and methods: A three-dimensional finite element
model of a maxilla containing a palatally impacted canine was
constructed. Forces of 50, 70, and 100 gm were loaded on the
impacted tooth.
Results: There was a steady increase in the initial rate of
displacement and the von Mises stress of the periodontal ligament
(PDL) in the three teeth when the magnitude of the force
that was applied onto the canine increased. The initial rate of
displacement was more in the first premolar tooth as compared
with lateral incisor and the impacted teeth.
Conclusion: The rate of displacement in relation to the first
premolar was more as compared with the lateral incisor, indicating
that the first premolars had the maximum anchor loss. The
use of minimal forces is ideal to extrude the impacted canines,
as observed from the study that the PDL stress increases with
increase in the magnitude of force.
Clinical significance: The use of finite element analysis (FEA)
can help us to understand how biological tissues (tooth, PDL,
alveolar bone, etc.) would respond to the orthodontic forces that
are being applied on them. Individual virtual models customized
to the patient’s clinical situation can be obtained and tested for
various orthodontic force applications.
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