Keywords :
Anthropometric measurements, Complete denture, Reference planes, Tragus forms
Citation Information :
Shetty M, John N, Mehta D, Kateel SB, Rajeev V. Correlation of the Senile Changes of Tragus and Its Reliability in Anthropometric Measurements. World J Dent 2023; 14 (9):755-760.
Background: In dentistry, anthropometric measurements of the face are commonly used for the oral rehabilitation process, with the belief that these structures are constant. However, if with age, there are morphological changes, then these may not be valid landmarks. The human tragus is one such landmark which is extensively used by dentists to locate the occlusal plane, draw the eye–ear reference plane, and mark the arbitrary hinge axis point. It was concluded in a study by Tan et al. in 1997 that anatomical variables of the ear, especially the ear circumference, had a higher correlation with age except the tragus. Thus, in prosthodontia, tragus has been a valuable asset.
Aim: To assess the age changes in the tragus and the reliability of its use in anthropometric measurements in prosthodontia.
Materials and methods: A total of 100 subjects were selected from the age-group of 50–80 years of age. The ear and tragus, in particular, were traced by a single operator using a transparent sheet stabilized with a holder. The shape of the tragus was drawn from the crus of the helix, passing through the superior border, middle portion, and inferior border to terminate at the lower border of the antihelix up to the antitragus.
The tragus forms were then grouped as rudimentary, rounded, pointed, and notched. The superior border of the tragus was also traced and grouped into ill-defined, rounded, or notched.
Results: Among the subjects from the Dakshin Kannada population, a significant difference was seen between the right and left side tragus forms in males, whereas in females, no such difference was seen. Nearly all the subjects showed senile changes in the tragus. The effects of senility on the tragus shape were seen more in males than females.
Conclusion: The tragus form and shape may change with age; thus, additional reference planes must be evaluated before the construction of the denture.
Clinical significance: The ala-tragal line is most important during the maxillomandibular relations. So, the operator has to be cautious while using the tragal line, especially in patients with long-standing edentulousness.
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