World Journal of Dentistry

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Volume  15 (2024)
Volume  14 (2023)
Volume  13 (2022)
Volume  12 (2021)
Volume  11 (2020)
Volume  10 (2019)
Volume  9 (2018)
Volume  8 (2017)
Volume  7 (2016)
Volume  6 (2015)
Volume  5 (2014)
Volume  4 (2013)
Volume  3 (2012)
Volume  2 (2011)
Volume  1 (2010)
Related articles

VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 9 ( September, 2023 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Clinical and Microbiological Efficacy of 0.25% Sodium Hypochlorite as a Subgingival Irrigant in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Pilot Study

Anumala Deepa, Kishore Kumar Katuri, Chennu Swetha, Cheruvu Ramya N Shivani, Ramanarayana Boyapati, Dhulipalla Ravindranath

Keywords : Chronic periodontitis, Irrigation, Microorganisms, Periodontal pocket

Citation Information : Deepa A, Katuri KK, Swetha C, Shivani CR, Boyapati R, Ravindranath D. Clinical and Microbiological Efficacy of 0.25% Sodium Hypochlorite as a Subgingival Irrigant in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Pilot Study. World J Dent 2023; 14 (9):745-750.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2306

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 13-10-2023

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: To determine the efficacy of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite as a subgingival irrigant twice weekly for 3 months in patients with chronic periodontitis and to assess alterations in periodontal parameters and subgingival bacteria at baseline and 3-month intervals. Materials and methods: The study included 20 patients suffering from chronic periodontitis who were randomly divided into the test group (n = 10) and the control group (n = 10). Professional subgingival irrigation into the periodontal pocket was done with 0.25% sodium hypochlorite in the test group and 0.9% saline in the control group at 2-week intervals for 3 months. Periodontal parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline and at 3 months. Subgingival plaque samples were collected, and microbiological analysis was done using multiplex polymerase chain for the detection of subgingival bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola at baseline and at 3 months. Results: The results of the present study showed significant improvement in mean periodontal parameters was noted from baseline to 3 months in the test group than in the control group. The mean log colony-forming units (CFU) of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were reduced from baseline to 3 months in the test group than in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant with p ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: Periodontal treatment can be benefited from the use of subgingival irrigation of sodium hypochlorite in the prevention and management of chronic periodontitis. Clinical significance: The use of subgingival irrigation provides additional benefits in the management of chronic periodontitis patients by the resolution of gingival inflammation with improvement in periodontal parameters and reduction in the number of subgingival bacteria. The “site-precise” method of periodontal treatment with locally administered antimicrobial agents offers added advantages.

HTML PDF Share
  1. Nayak A, Bhat K, Shivanaikar S, et al. Detection of red complex organisms in chronic periodontitis by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. J Adv Clin Res Insights 2018;5(5):139–144. DOI: 10.15713/ins.jcri.231
  2. Shewale A, Gattani D, Bhasin M, et al. Adjunctive role of supra- and subgingival irrigation in periodontal therapy. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2016;7(3).
  3. Marion JC, Manhães F, Bajo H, et al. Efficiency of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite during endodontic treatment. Literature review. Dent Press Endod 2012;2(4):32–37.
  4. Slots J. Low-cost periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2012;60(1):110–137. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2011.00429.x
  5. American Dental. Accepted Dental Therapeutics. Chicago, Illinois: American Dental Association; 1984.
  6. Mohanty R, Asopa SJ, Joseph MD, et al. Red complex: polymicrobial conglomerate in oral flora: a review. J Family Med Prim Care 2019;8(11):3480–3486. DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_759_19
  7. Löe H. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. J Periodontol 1967;38(6):610–616. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1967.38.6.610
  8. Isidor F, Karring T, Attström R. Reproducibility of pocket depth and attachment level measurements when using a flexible splint. J Clin Periodontol 1984;11(10):662–668. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1984.tb01314.x
  9. Vishnu RA, Alamelu S, Arun KV, et al. Comparative evaluation of subgingival microbiome in healthy periodontium and gingivitis using next-generation sequencing technology: a case-control study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022;26(3):224–229. DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_837_20
  10. Galván M, Gonzalez S, Cohen CL, et al. Periodontal effects of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite twice-weekly oral rinse. A pilot study. J Periodontal Res 2014;49(6):696–702. DOI: 10.1111/jre.12151
  11. D'Ercole S, Piccolomini R, Capaldo G, et al. Effectiveness of ultrasonic instruments in the therapy of severe periodontitis: a comparative clinical-microbiological assessment with curettes. New Microbiol 2006;29(2):101–110.
  12. Ashimoto A, Chen C, Bakker I, et al. Polymerase chain reaction detection of 8 putative periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque of gingivitis and advanced periodontitis lesions. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1996;11(4):266–273. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399302x.1996.tb00180.x
  13. Lobene RR, Soparkar PM, Hein JW, et al. A study of the effects of antiseptic agents and a pulsating irrigating device on plaque and gingivitis. J Periodontol 1972;43(9):564–568. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1972.43.9.564
  14. De Nardo R, Chiappe V, Gómez M, et al. Effects of 0.05% sodium hypochlorite oral rinse on supragingival biofilm and gingival inflammation. Int Dent J 2012;62(4):208–212. DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00111.x
  15. Poorani ES, Sankari. A comparative evaluation of the effect of 0.25% of sodium hypochlorite as a irrigant in reduction of inflammation among gingivitis patients: a pilot study. J Pharm Sci Res 2016;8(8):859–861.
  16. Konuganti K, S A, Kumar A. Efficacy of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite oral rinse in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Curr Adv Res 2017;6(2):1966–1969. DOI: 10.24327/IJCAR
  17. Mishra R, Chandrashekar KT, Tripathi VD, et al. Comparative evaluation of efficacy of 0.2% sodium hypochlorite (Hi Wash) mouthwash with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash on plaque-induced gingivitis: a clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019;23(6):534–538. DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_32_19
  18. Megally A, Zekeridou A, Cancela J, et al. Short ultrasonic debridement with adjunctive low-concentrated hypochlorite/amino acid gel during periodontal maintenance: randomized clinical trial of 12 months. Clin Oral Investig 2020;24(1):201–209. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02949-2
  19. Radulescu V, Boariu MI, Rusu D, et al. Clinical and microbiological effects of a single application of sodium hypochlorite gel during subgingival re-instrumentation: a triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2022;26(11):6639–6652. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04618-3
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.