World Journal of Dentistry

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VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 1 ( January, 2023 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Efficacy of Subgingival Glycine Powder Air-polishing in Nonsurgical Therapy of Periodontitis Patients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Mona A Kamil

Keywords : Air-polishing, Glycine air powder polishing, Mechanical debridement, Nonsurgical periodontal therapy, Periodontitis

Citation Information : Kamil MA. Efficacy of Subgingival Glycine Powder Air-polishing in Nonsurgical Therapy of Periodontitis Patients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. World J Dent 2023; 14 (1):88-96.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2165

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 27-03-2023

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of subgingival glycine powder air polishing (subGPAP) in nonsurgical periodontal therapy in systemically healthy periodontitis patients. Materials and methods: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched using predetermined keywords for randomized controlled clinical trials published between 1st January 2000 and 31st August 2022 in the English language. Probing depth (PD) was considered the primary outcome. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias Version 2.0, and the certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment tool. The recorded data were subjected to narrative synthesis as meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the data. Results: Seven randomized controlled trials were selected from 45 studies obtained in the electronic search, including a total of 232 participants. The risk of bias for six studies was rated as having some concerns, and one had a low risk of bias. The overall quality of evidence was determined to be low as per GRADE guidelines. There was a significant reduction in clinical parameters, especially pocket PD, between baseline and after treatment in both test and positive control groups in all of the studies. However, subGPAP and conventional scaling and root planning (SRP) demonstrated similar results in six of the seven studies, and only one study reported subGPAP to be more effective. The total microbial count and reduction in Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) counts were seen to be more significant after subGPAP. Conclusion: Subgingival glycine powder air polishing (subGPAP) was observed to be equally effective as SRP in reducing periodontal clinical parameters. Total microbial count and reduction in gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) volume levels were seen to be more significant after subGPAP. However, large, multicentric randomized controlled trials with standard diagnostic protocols evaluating the efficacy of subGPAP alone versus other standard treatment modalities are required before formulating clinical guidelines. Clinical significance: Subgingival glycine powder air polishing (subGPAP) has been reported to reduce the amount of tooth structure lost during conventional SRP and causes less patient discomfort and pain. The present review highlights its effectiveness in improving periodontal clinical parameters. Even though the outcomes with subGPAP were comparable with SRP, clinical variables such as pocket PD and clinical attachment level were seen to improve significantly with subGPAP in all of the seven studies included in this review.


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