Citation Information :
Phogat S, Sanan RM, Sidhu MS, Nagpal M, Vigarniya MM, Dabas N. Evaluation of Maxillary Bone in the Anterior Esthetic Zone for Immediate Implant Placement: An Observational CBCT Study. World J Dent 2021; 12 (4):311-315.
Aim and objective: This study provides a guideline for immediate implant placement in the anterior esthetic zone based on the observed bone morphology in the North Indian population.
Materials and methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of maxillary anterior teeth of 100 patients (total sample size: 600 teeth) in the North Indian population were analyzed for their relation to the alveolus in the sagittal plane following Kan's classification.
Results: Sixty-three percent of the study sample were classified as Kan's Class I sagittal root position (SRP), 10.66% was Class II, and 26.33% was Class IV. Class III SRP was not observed in the study sample.
Conclusion: Class I is the most common sagittal root position observed in the North Indian population. This study emphasizes the importance of CBCT for predictable treatment planning in the esthetic zone.
Clinical significance: For achieving esthetic results in the maxillary anterior region accurate three-dimensional imaging of hard tissue structure is a prerequisite.
Bianchi AE, Sanfilippo F. Single-tooth replacement by immediate implant and connective tissuegraft: a 1-9 year clinical evaluation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004;15(3):269–277. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01020.x.
Botticelli D, Renzi A, Lindhe J, et al. Implants in fresh extraction sockets: a prospective 5-year follow-up clinical study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008;19(12):1226–1232. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01620.x.
Lang NP, Pun L, Lau KY, et al. A systematic review on survival and success rates of implants placed immediately into fresh extraction sockets after at least 1 year. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012;23(Suppl 5):39–66. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02372.x.
Lindeboom JA, Took A, Kroon FH. Immediate placement of implants in periapical infected sites: A prospective randomized study in 50 patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radio Endod 2014;101(6):705–710. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.08.022.
Schulte W, Heimke G. The Tubinger immediate implant. Quintessenz 1976;27(6):17–23.
Branemark PI. Osseointegration and its experimental background. J Prosthet Dent 1983;50(3):399–410. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(83)80101-2.
Lazzara RJ. Immediate implant placement into extraction sites: Surgical and restorative advantages. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1989;9(5):332–343.
Denissen HW, Kalk W, Veldhuis HA, et al. Anatomic consideration for preventive implantation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993;8(2):191–196.
Watzek G, Haider R, Mensdorf-Pouilly N, et al. Immediate and delayed implantation for complete restoration of the jaw following extraction of all residual teeth: A retrospective study comparing different types of serial immediate implantation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1995;10(5):561–567.
Kinaia BM, Shah M, Neely AL, et al. Crestal bone level changes around immediately placed implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis with at least 12 months follow-up after functional loading. J Periodontol 2014;85(11):137–148. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130722.
Boticelli D, Berglundh T, Lindhe J. Hard-tissue alterations following immediate implant placement in extraction sites. J Clin Periodontol 2004;31(10):820–828. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00565.x.
Covani U, Bortalaia C, Barone A, et al. Bucco-lingual crestal bone changes after immediate and delayed implant placement. J Periodontol 2004;75(12):1605–1612. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.12.1605.
Chen ST, Buser D. Clinical and esthetic outcomes of implants placed in post extraction sites. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009;24(Suppl):186–217.
Araujo MG, Lindhe J. Ridge alterations following tooth extraction with and without flap elevation: An experimental study in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009;20(6):545–549. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01703.x.
Araujo MG, Wennstrom JL, Lindhe J. Modeling of the buccal and lingual bone walls of fresh extraction sites following implant installation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006;17(6):606–614. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01315.x.
Araújo MG, Sukekava F, Wennström JL, et al. Tissue modeling following implant placement in fresh extraction sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006;17(6):615–624. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01317.x.
Shibly O, Patel N, Albandar JM, et al. Bone regeneration around implants in periodontally compromised patients: A randomized clinical trial of the effect of immediate implant with immediate loading. J Periodontol 2010;81(12):1743–1751. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100162.
Cosyn J, Hooghe N, De, et al. A systematic review on the frequency of advanced recession following single immediate implant placement. J Clin Periodontol 2011;39(6):582–589. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01888.x.
Elian N, Cho SC, Froum S, et al. A simplified socket classification and repair technique. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent 2007;19(2):99–104.; quiz 106.
Kan JY, Roe P, Rungcharassaeng K, et al. Classification of sagittal root position in relation to the anterior maxillary osseous housing for immediate implant placement: a cone beam computed tomography study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2011;26(4):873–876.
Gluckman H, Pontes CC, Toit JD. Radial plane tooth position and bone wall dimensions in the anterior maxilla: A CBCT classification for immediate implant placement. J Prosthet Dent 2018;120(1):50–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.09.005.
Oh E, Ahn S-J, Sonnesen L. Ethnic differences in craniofacial and upper spine morphology between European and Asian children with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 2018;156(4):502–511. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.10.024.
Buser D, Chappuis V, Belser UC, et al. Implant placement post extraction in esthetic single tooth sites: when immediate, when early, when late? Periodontol 2000 2017;73(1):84–102. DOI: 10.1111/prd.12170.
Koh RU, Oh TJ, Rudek I. Hard and soft tissue changes after crestal and subcrestal immediate implant placement. J Periodontol 2011;82(8):1112–1120. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.100541.
Fortin T, Champleboux G, Lormee J, et al. Precise dental implant placement in bone using surgical guides in conjunction with medical imaging techniques. J Oral Implantol 2000;26(4):300–303. DOI: 10.1563/1548-1336(2000)0262.3.CO;2.
Ferrus J, Cecchinato D, Pjetursson EB, et al. Factors influencing ridge alterations following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010;21(1):22–29. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01825.x.
Yang X, Zhou T, Zhou N, et al. The thickness of labial bone affects the esthetics of immediate implant placement and provisionalization in the esthetic zone: A prospective cohort study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019;3(3):1–10. DOI: 10.1111/cid.12785.
Lemes HD, Sartori IA, Cardoso LC, et al. Behaviour of the buccal crestal bone levels after immediate placement of implants subjected to immediate loading. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;44(3):389–394. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.11.009.
Chen ST, Beagle J, Jensen SS, et al. Consensus statements and recommended clinical procedures regarding surgical techniques. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009;24(Suppl):272–278.