ABSTRACT
Traditional mechanical methods of retaining restorative materials have been replaced to a large extent by tooth conserving adhesive restorative techniques. Bonding techniques allow more conservative tooth preparation. Less reliance on macromechanical retention and less removal of unsupported enamel because adhesives have been evolving, so rapidly for the last few years, as the timing is right for evaluating the clinical status of present day adhesives. The purpose of this article is to provide a concise, comprehensive and updated classification of dentin bonding agents. Current products are highlighted to improve clinical use and performance of the materials.
Keywords:Conservative, Dentin bonding agents, Classification, Current products.
How to Cite
Kakar S, Goswami M, Kanase A , Dentin Bonding Agents I: Complete Classification-A Review, World J Dentistry, 2011;2(4):367-370

ABSTRACT
Pulp exposures secondary to caries are the most common in primary teeth due to the relatively large size of pulp chamber. Pulp in primary teeth is capable of healing, following control of infection and inflammation. Pulpotec and LSTR are the simple noninstrumentation endodontic treatment procedures which are capable of compensating for the inconvenience caused by conventional pulpectomy, and thereby preserve the vitality of the pulp. This study was conducted to assess clinical efficacy of pulpotec and LSTR and compare with that of conventional ZOE pulpectomy at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Around 34 children in the age group of 4 to 9 years with deep carious lesions affecting the pulps of 60 primary mandibular molars were randomly divided into three groups with 20 teeth in each group.
Results: Clinical evaluation was done at 1 month’s interval. Both clinical and radiographic evaluations were done at 3, 6 and 12 months. Data obtained was analyzed statistically using Fisher's exact test. The results concluded that pulpotomy and pulpotec could be a good alternative for conventional ZOE pulpectomy. Long-term radiographic evaluations should be undertaken to further strengthen the efficacy of lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) as NIET.
Keywords: Vital pulp treatment, ZOE pulpectomy, Pulpotec, LSTR.
How to Cite
Agarwal M, Das UM, Vishwanath D, A Comparative Evaluation of Noninstrumentation Endodontic Techniques with Conventional ZOE Pulpectomy in Deciduous Molars: An in vivo Study, World J Dentistry, 2011, 2, 3, 187-192

Abstract
Talon cusp is an uncommon dental anomaly presenting as an accessory cusp. It is seen in both deciduous and permanent dentition and on lingual and facial surfaces of anterior teeth. It can occur unilaterally or bilaterally. The incidence of occurrence is more in maxillary teeth. It is usually asymptomatic but can pose functional and esthetic problems. This article presents the review of talon cusp in relation to its definition, etiopathogenesis, prevalence, clinical and histological findings, clinical implications, radiographic findings, classification and management aspects.
Keywords: Talon cusp, accessory cusp, dental anomaly.

Abstract
Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of chronic autoimmune diseases and many long-term illnesses. While these drugs may be considered essential for the patient's health, adverse reactions do occur. The incidence of adverse reactions depends upon the dose level and the duration of treatment. A pilot study was conducted on ten patients on long-term corticosteroids therapy. Pulpal obliteration was assessed by radiographic records. In most instances, pulpal changes to some degree were observed.
Keywords: Steroids, pulp obliteration.

ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of different placement techniques (bulk, oblique incremental, centripetal and split horizontal) on marginal microleakage in class II composite restoration.
Method: Standardized class II preparations were made in 40 caries-free extracted molars and randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10): (1) Bulk technique (2) oblique incremental insertion technique,(3) centripetal incremental insertion technique and (4) split horizontal incremental insertion. The teeth were restored with a total-etch adhesive and nanocomposite resin.The specimens were immersed in a solution of 2% methylene blue for 24 hours, and subsequently evaluated for leakage. The microleakage scores (0 to 4) obtained from the occlusal and cervical walls were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p < 0.05).
Results: Microleakage scores indicated that incremental technique was better than bulk for composite placement and among incremental techniques split incremental technique showed best results.
Conclusion: Incremental placement technique showed lower microleakage compared to bulk, and lower microleakage was seen at occlusal margin compared to gingival margin. Split horizontal incremental technique showed the least microleakage scores among incremental techniques
Keywords: Composite, Polymerization shrinkage, Microleakage, Incremental technique.
How to Cite
Nadig RR, Bugalia A, Usha G, Karthik J, Rao R, Vedhavathi B, Effect of Four Different Placement Techniques on Marginal Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study, World J Dentistry, 2011, 2, 2, 111-116

Abstract
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is characterized by recurrent attacks of lancinating pain in the trigeminal nerve distribution. Typically, brief attacks are triggered by talking, chewing, teeth brushing, shaving, a light touch, or even a cool breeze. The pain is nearly always unilateral, and it may occur repeatedly throughout the day. The condition is characterized by intermittent one-sided facial pain. Trigeminal neuralgia can be classified based on the symptoms as typical and atypical trigeminal and according to etiology as primary or idiopathic and secondary or symptomatic. An early and accurate diagnosis of TN is important, because therapeutic interventions can reduce or eliminate pain attacks in the large majority of TN patients. Although various drugs have been used in the management of TN such as baclofen, gabapentin, phenytoin sodium, carbamazepine remains the gold standard drug of choice. Surgical approaches to pain management are performed when medication cannot control pain or patients cannot tolerate the adverse effects of the medication.
Keywords: Trigeminal neuralgia, tic douloureux, etiology, management, pharmacotherapy.

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the status of Dental Infection Control and Occupational Safety in India. 456 respondents (dentists) used this self-administered survey instrument containing about 96 variables. Over 95% of respondents felt that HIV and Hepatitis were infectious disease risks of concern and that infectious diseases were on the rise in India. Education and training in Dental Safety were lacking and that the latter are made mandatory in dental school curricula. Availability and access to safety materials and equipment were lacking in India and affordability was an issue. While respondents had adequate knowledge in the subject of infectious diseases, attitude (Stigma) towards treating infected patients was a negative factor with a significant number stating that double gloving was necessary, medical history dictated additional precautions and finally that care providers had the right to refuse care to Infectious patients. Although standards in Dental Safety are in place, implementation of educational (both didactic in schools and continuing education for practitioners) is a priority. Dental industry from within and outside India must play a role in this effort. In conclusion, significant structural and educational support activities are indicated with improvements in access and availability of materials and equipment to improve dental safety in India. Further, stigma of infectious diseases must be eradicated if not reduced towards infectious patients.
Keywords: Dental infection control, dental safety, occupational safety, surveys, stigma, infectious diseases, HIV, AIDS, India, curriculum, continuing dental education.

Abstract
Odontogenic keratocyst is a cyst of odontogenic origin that exhibits a keratinized epithelial lining. Odontogenic keratocyst has been the topic of numerous investigators and is known for its potentially aggressive behavior and significant rate of recurrences.¹
OKC cyst often occurs as a solitary lesion at the angle of the mandible, however in some instances, multiple such cysts may occur in association with a syndrome called ""Nevoid basal cell syndrome"".¹
These patients have propensity to develop multiple neoplasm including basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma. Hence early diagnosis and treatment is of utmost importance in reducing the severity of long-term sequelae of this syndrome. Here we present a case of multiple odontogenic keratocysts with nevi and narrowed ribs which has profound relevance to specialist in Oral Medicine and Radiology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
Keywords: Odontogenic keratocyst, basal cell carcinoma, nevi, syndrome.

ABSTRACT
Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide eugenol as a root canal filling material in primary teeth using endodontic pressure syringe system.
Materials and methods: A total of 40 primary mandibular molars were selected and divided into two groups-group I (calcium hydroxide was used as root canal filling material) and group II (zinc oxide eugenol used as canal filling material). Clinical review was undertaken at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months interval for evaluating pain, tenderness, mobility and any other sign of pathology. Radiographic examination was done at interval of 3, 6 and 9 months for the evaluation of any change in the radiolucency around the apices and inter-radicular space. Resorption of root and filling material was also assessed.
Results: Reduction in the clinical symptoms were noted in both groups (p < 0.01). All the 20 cases in group I demonstrated a decrease in size of radiolucency. However in group II, an increase in radiolucency was observed in 2 teeth at 3 months radiographic examination. Further no decrease in the size of radiolucency was noticed at subsequent follow-up visits. Complete resorption of overfilled material was observed at the 3 months radiographic examination for group I whereas partial resorption of overfilled material was seen at 6 months radiographic examination for group II.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that calcium hydroxide could be used exclusively or as an alternative to zinc oxide eugenol as a root canal filling material for the primary teeth.
Keywords: Primary teeth, Pulpectomy, Root canal filling materials, Calcium hydroxide, Zinc oxide eugenol.
How to Cite
Dogra S, Comparative Evaluation of Calcium Hydroxide and Zinc Oxide Eugenol as Root Canal Filling Materials for Primary Molars: A Clinical and Radiographic Study, World J Dentistry, 2011, 2, 3, 231-236

ABSTRACT
Oligodontia, a form of hypodontia commonly seen in permanent than in deciduous dentition. It is defined as the congenital absence of six or more teeth, excluding third molars. It is relatively a rare condition that can occur either as an isolated finding or as part of a syndrome. A case of nonsyndromic oligodontia in a 12-year-old boy with congenital absence of all permanent teeth except the premolars (excluding third molars) and over-retained deciduous dentition with conical shaped anteriors is reported. The prevalence, possible etiological factors and treatment options of the condition is reviewed.
Keywords: Oligodontia, Hypodontia, Congenital absence of teeth, Dental agenesis.
How to Cite
Hosur MB, Puranik RS, Vanaki SS, Oligodontia: A Case Report and Review of Literature, World J Dentistry, 2011, 2, 3, 259-262